When assessing the pupillary light reflex or PERRL (pupils, round, reactive to light), the nurse should use which technique?

Shine a light across the pupil from the side, and observe for direct and consensual pupillary constriction.

Ask the patient to follow the penlight in eight directions, and observe for bilateral pupil constriction.

Shine a penlight from directly in front of the patient, and inspect for pupillary constriction.

Ask the patient to focus on a distant object. Then ask the patient to follow the penlight to approximately 7 cm from the nose.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Shine a light across the pupil from the side: To assess the pupillary light reflex, the nurse should shine a light across the pupil from the side and observe for both direct and consensual constriction (the constriction of both pupils when one is exposed to light).

B. Follow the penlight: This tests for accommodation (focusing on near objects) rather than the pupillary light reflex.

C. Shine a penlight directly in front: This method doesn’t assess both direct and consensual constriction properly.

D. Focus on a distant object: This assesses accommodation, not the pupillary light reflex.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. This emphasizes recognizing abnormal findings, such as an enlarged testicle or a painless lump, which may indicate testicular cancer.

B. Testicles are smooth, firm, and egg-shaped but should not have a lumpy consistency.

C. Monthly, not weekly, self-examinations are recommended for early detection.

D. The best time to examine is during or after a warm shower when the scrotum is relaxed, not before.

A. Posterior tibial B. Femoral C. Popliteal D. Dorsalis pedis

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Posterior tibial: The posterior tibial pulse is palpated just posterior to the medial malleolus (inner ankle).

B. Femoral: The femoral pulse is assessed in the groin area, not near the ankle.

C. Popliteal: The popliteal pulse is located behind the knee, not near the ankle.

D. Dorsalis pedis: The dorsalis pedis pulse is palpated on the top of the foot, not near the ankle.

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When assessing the pupillary light reflex or PERRL (pupils, round, reactive to light), the nurse should use which technique?

Nursing Test Bank

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