When considering the pharmacologic management of a patient who has sustained a traumatic head injury, the nurse can anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications to manage increases in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
Nitroprusside
Furosemide
3% Normal Saline
Norepinephrine
The Correct Answer is C
A. Nitroprusside is a vasodilator and is not used for managing ICP; it can increase intracranial pressure if not carefully monitored.
B. Furosemide is a diuretic but is less effective for ICP reduction compared to hypertonic saline or mannitol.
C. Hypertonic saline (3% Normal Saline) is used to reduce intracranial pressure by drawing fluid out of the brain tissue and into the bloodstream, which can help prevent cerebral edema.
D. Norepinephrine is a vasopressor and is not used specifically to manage intracranial pressure.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Frequent passive range of motion exercises are crucial for preventing complications of immobility, such as contractures and pressure ulcers, and to promote circulation in patients with spinal cord injuries.
B. While coughing and deep breathing exercises are important for respiratory health, they should be performed more frequently than once per shift in patients with reduced mobility to prevent respiratory complications.
C. Turning the patient every 4 hours may not be adequate to prevent pressure ulcers; typically, patients should be turned at least every 2 hours.
D. Patients with a complete spinal cord injury at C7 typically lack the ability to ambulate, making this intervention inappropriate.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Kaposi's Sarcoma is a cancer commonly associated with AIDS, characterized by purple or brown lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. It is linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) and is often seen in immunocompromised individuals.
B. Candidiasis stomatitis involves oral or esophageal thrush, presenting as white patches rather than purple or brown lesions.
C. Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection causing severe diarrhea but does not manifest as skin lesions.
D. Meningitis can cause neurological symptoms and systemic infection but does not present with purple or brown skin spots.
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