When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, which responsibilities would the nurse have?

Monitor and observe clients closely for adverse effects

Work with animals which are given experimental drugs

Make decisions that will determine the effectiveness of the drug

Select appropriate clients to be involved in the drug study

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

a) Phase III clinical trials involve large groups of human participants and focus on confirming the drug's effectiveness and monitoring for adverse effects. The nurse plays a key role in observing and documenting any side effects experienced by the patients.

b) Working with animals is part of preclinical trials, not phase III studies. By the time a drug reaches phase III, it has already undergone animal testing.

c) While data collected in phase III trials contribute to determining a drug’s effectiveness, the decision-making is primarily done by researchers and regulatory agencies, not individual nurses.

d) Selection of appropriate clients for a drug study is generally determined by researchers and trial coordinators based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, rather than by nurses directly.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Deficient knowledge may be a concern, but the primary focus here is on the safety risk associated with the side effects of the medication, particularly dizziness and orthostatic hypotension, which increase the risk of falls or injury.

B. Ineffective health maintenance is not specific to the medication side effects and does not directly address the patient's safety risk due to the medication.

C. Readiness for enhanced knowledge is more appropriate when the patient is already familiar with their condition and medication and is ready to learn more. This is not the case here, as the focus is on preventing harm from side effects.

D. Risk for injury is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis. Dizziness and orthostatic hypotension increase the risk of falls, which can lead to injury, making this the most relevant concern in this scenario.

A. "I should insert the needle and inject the medication without aspirating for blood." B. "I should put firm pressure on the injection site to decrease the risk for bleeding." C. "I will insert the needle at a 10-degree angle when injecting." D. "The subcutaneous route is used because absorption is faster this way."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. When administering subcutaneous heparin, aspiration should be avoided because it can cause tissue damage and increase the risk of hematoma formation. This statement correctly reflects safe administration technique.

B. Firm pressure on the injection site is not recommended after heparin administration because it can increase the risk of bruising and bleeding. Instead, gentle pressure should be applied if necessary.

C. Subcutaneous injections should be given at a 45- to 90-degree angle, depending on the patient’s body mass. A 10-degree angle is too shallow and may result in improper medication delivery.

D. The subcutaneous route does not provide faster absorption than other routes such as intravenous or intramuscular. Instead, it allows for slow, steady absorption, which is desirable for anticoagulants like heparin.

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When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, which responsibilities would the nurse have?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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