When preparing a presentation for a senior center about age-related musculoskeletal changes, which of the following changes should be included?
Decreased muscle mass
Thickened vertebral disks
Increased force of isometric contraction
Reduced chest width
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Decreased muscle mass is a common age-related musculoskeletal change. As people age, they tend to lose muscle mass due to changes in muscle fiber and decreased physical activity. This can lead to weakness and decreased mobility.
Choice B rationale
Thickened vertebral disks are not typically an age-related change. Instead, the disks often become thinner and less flexible with age, which can lead to conditions like degenerative disk disease.
Choice C rationale
Increased force of isometric contraction is not an age-related musculoskeletal change. In fact, both isometric and isotonic muscle strength tend to decrease with age.
Choice D rationale
Reduced chest width is not typically an age-related musculoskeletal change. However, changes in posture and spinal curvature can affect the shape and function of the chest.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Betamethasone, a corticosteroid, is not known to weaken uterine contractions. It is often administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery to enhance fetal lung maturation and reduce complications associated with prematurity.
Choice B rationale
Betamethasone can potentially increase blood glucose levels, not decrease them. This is particularly relevant in women with gestational diabetes, as corticosteroids can exacerbate hyperglycemia.
Choice C rationale
Betamethasone does not typically decrease the fetal heart rate. Instead, it is used to help mature the lungs of the fetus.
Choice D rationale
Betamethasone is administered to pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery to enhance the production of surfactant in the fetal lungs. Surfactant is a substance that prevents the small air sacs in the lungs from collapsing, thereby aiding in the baby’s ability to breathe after birth.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While the client’s daughter, who is the primary caregiver, may have a significant role in the client’s care, the decision to sign the informed consent ultimately lies with the client if they are deemed competent.
Choice B rationale
The client, who is alert and oriented to person, place, and time, and has advance directives, is the most appropriate person to sign the informed consent. As long as the client is competent and understands the information provided, they have the right to make their own medical decisions.
Choice C rationale
The client’s partner does not have the legal authority to sign the informed consent on behalf of the client unless the client is deemed incompetent and the partner is designated as the legal representative.
Choice D rationale
The client’s son, who has a durable power of attorney, can only sign the informed consent on behalf of the client if the client is deemed incompetent. Since the client is alert and oriented, they should be the one to sign the informed consent.
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