When the nurse administers a beta-adrenergic blocker to a patient with angina the nurse expects the drugs will help to control angina, but it also has what other effects?

Choice A rationale

Sympathetic stimulation typically increases the depth and rate of respirations to enhance oxygen delivery to tissues during stress or physical activity.

Choice B rationale

Sympathetic stimulation does not directly increase lung perfusion. It primarily affects the airways to increase airflow.

Choice C rationale

Sympathetic stimulation increases the respiratory rate by activating the respiratory centers in the brain, preparing the body for increased oxygen demand during stress or physical activity.

Choice D rationale

Sympathetic stimulation does not decrease the respiratory rate. It typically increases both the rate and depth of respirations to meet the body's increased oxygen needs. .

Choice A rationale

Myasthenia gravis primarily affects voluntary muscles, especially those involved in breathing and facial movements. Gastrointestinal (GI) and lower extremity muscles are generally not the main muscles affected by this condition. It is an autoimmune disorder that impacts the neuromuscular junction, where nerves communicate with muscles, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue.

Choice B rationale

The central nervous system (CNS), memory, and cognition are not typically impacted by myasthenia gravis. This disorder primarily involves peripheral nervous system issues that affect voluntary muscle control rather than cognitive functions. Myasthenia gravis does not cause alterations in memory or cognition as seen with central nervous system disorders like Alzheimer's disease.

Choice C rationale

Myasthenia gravis notably affects respiratory and facial muscles. The autoimmune attack on acetylcholine receptors leads to muscle weakness, particularly in muscles controlling eye movements, facial expressions, and breathing. Patients may experience difficulty breathing, swallowing, and maintaining an open airway due to this muscle weakness.

Choice D rationale

The cardiovascular system and postural muscles are not commonly affected by myasthenia gravis. This condition involves the neuromuscular junction and leads to fatigue in voluntary muscles, primarily those involved in eye movement, facial expressions, and respiration. Cardiovascular symptoms are not a direct consequence of myasthenia gravis.