Ask the nurse to explain the type of angina he is experiencing.
The nurse explains the pain is due to the imbalance of myocardial supply.
Unstable.
Ischemic.
Stable angina.
Prinzmetal.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Unstable angina is characterized by sudden, severe chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is not relieved by nitroglycerin. It represents an imminent risk of myocardial infarction.
Choice B rationale
Ischemic heart disease can cause various types of angina, including stable, unstable, and Prinzmetal’s angina. The term “ischemic” refers to a lack of blood flow to the heart muscle, but this choice is too broad.
Choice C rationale
Stable angina occurs when there is an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand, typically during physical exertion or emotional stress. It is characterized by predictable chest pain that is relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
Choice D rationale
Prinzmetal’s angina, also known as variant angina, is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, which leads to a temporary reduction in blood flow. It can occur at rest and is not necessarily related to the imbalance of myocardial supply and demand.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Magnesium plays a role in muscle relaxation but is not primarily responsible for muscle contraction. It helps in stabilizing the muscle membrane by acting as a natural calcium blocker. Deficiency in magnesium can lead to muscle cramps and spasms, but it does not directly cause muscle contraction and relaxation processes.
Choice B rationale
Chloride is an essential electrolyte involved in maintaining fluid balance and acid-base balance, but it does not directly influence muscle contraction and relaxation. It works in conjunction with sodium to regulate osmotic pressure and acid-base balance.
Choice C rationale
Calcium is crucial for muscle contraction. It is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum within the muscle cells and binds to troponin, causing a conformational change that allows actin and myosin to interact and generate contraction. During relaxation, calcium ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Choice D rationale
Hydrogen ions are involved in pH balance and acid-base regulation but do not directly affect muscle contraction and relaxation. Excess hydrogen ions (acidosis) can impair muscle function, but they are not the primary factor in muscle contraction processes.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Giving ipecac with a glass of milk is not recommended. Milk can delay the emetic effect of ipecac and potentially interfere with its ability to induce vomiting. It is essential to follow proper guidelines for ipecac administration to ensure its effectiveness and safety.
Choice B rationale
Consulting a poison control center before administering ipecac is crucial. Poison control experts can provide specific recommendations based on the type and amount of substance ingested. Not all poisoning cases require ipecac, and its inappropriate use can cause more harm than good.
Choice C rationale
Ipecac fluid extract is significantly more potent than ipecac syrup and is not recommended for home use. The syrup form is standardized for safe administration in inducing vomiting, whereas the fluid extract can cause severe toxicity if used incorrectly.
Choice D rationale
The emetic effect of ipecac is not immediate. It typically takes about 20 to 30 minutes for vomiting to occur after administration. Providing patients and caregivers with accurate information about the onset of action is essential to avoid unnecessary anxiety.
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