When the nurse encourages parents of an infant to feed the baby when hungry and comfort the baby when crying, what psychosocial developmental stage is the nurse promoting?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Initiative vs. Guilt
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Trust vs. Mistrust
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This is not the correct answer. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt is the psychosocial developmental stage that occurs in toddlers, who are between 1 and 3 years old. It involves the development of independence and self-control, as well as the awareness of personal limitations and expectations. The nurse should encourage parents of toddlers to provide them with choices, boundaries, and praise, and to avoid overprotection, criticism, or ridicule.
Choice B reason: This is not the correct answer. Initiative vs. Guilt is the psychosocial developmental stage that occurs in preschoolers, who are between 3 and 5 years old. It involves the development of initiative and creativity, as well as the sense of responsibility and morality. The nurse should encourage parents of preschoolers to provide them with opportunities, guidance, and feedback, and to avoid discouragement, punishment, or interference.
Choice C reason: This is not the correct answer. Intimacy vs. Isolation is the psychosocial developmental stage that occurs in young adults, who are between 18 and 39 years old. It involves the development of intimacy and commitment, as well as the ability to form and maintain close relationships. The nurse should encourage young adults to explore their identity, values, and goals, and to seek and offer support, trust, and love.
Choice D reason: This is the best answer. Trust vs. Mistrust is the psychosocial developmental stage that occurs in infants, who are between birth and 1 year old. It involves the development of trust and security, as well as the attachment and bonding with the caregivers. The nurse should encourage parents of infants to feed the baby when hungry and comfort the baby when crying, as well as to provide them with consistent, responsive, and loving care.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is a correct answer. Second-hand smoke is the smoke that is exhaled by a smoker or emitted by a burning cigarette, cigar, or pipe. It contains many harmful chemicals that can cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus. Second-hand smoke can increase the risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, congenital anomalies, and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) .
Choice B reason: This is a correct answer. Drugs including alcohol are substances that can alter the mood, perception, or behavior of the user. They can also cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus. Drugs including alcohol can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs), neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), growth restriction, brain damage, and birth defects .
Choice C reason: This is a correct answer. Infections are diseases that are caused by microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. They can also cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus. Infections can cause miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm labor, congenital infections, and congenital anomalies .
Choice D reason: This is a correct answer. Metabolic conditions are disorders that affect the body's ability to produce or use energy, such as diabetes, thyroid disease, or phenylketonuria (PKU). They can also cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus. Metabolic conditions can cause macrosomia, hypoglycemia, congenital hypothyroidism, or intellectual disability .
Choice E reason: This is not a correct answer. Processed foods are foods that have been altered from their natural state, such as canned, frozen, or packaged foods. They may contain additives, preservatives, or artificial flavors or colors. They do not cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus directly, but they may affect the mother's nutrition and health. Processed foods may increase the risk of obesity, hypertension, or gestational diabetes, which can indirectly affect the fetal development .
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is not a factor that can have a positive influence on an individual's self-concept. A negative body image is the way that an individual perceives and feels about their physical appearance, structure, or function. It can affect the individual's self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-worth. A negative body image can lead to a poor self-concept.
Choice B reason: This is not a factor that can have a positive influence on an individual's self-concept. Diminished hearing and vision are physical impairments that can affect the individual's ability to communicate, interact, and perform daily activities. They can also affect the individual's self-image, self-efficacy, and self-acceptance. Diminished hearing and vision can contribute to a poor self-concept.
Choice C reason: This is the best answer. Emotional intelligence is the ability of an individual to recognize, understand, and manage their own emotions, as well as the emotions of others. It can affect the individual's self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, social skills, and empathy. Emotional intelligence can enhance a positive self-concept.
Choice D reason: This is not a factor that can have a positive influence on an individual's self-concept. Low self-esteem is the degree to which an individual values and respects themselves. It can affect the individual's confidence, satisfaction, and happiness. Low self-esteem can result in a poor self-concept.
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