Which action is considered a first line of defense?
Lysozyme within tears destroy bacteria.
Chemotaxis attracts phagocytes to the site where the pathogen invaded.
Natural killer cells are the first lymphocytes to react to infection.
Phagocytes ingest microbes when they enter the body.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Lysozyme within tears destroy bacteria.: Lysozyme is an enzyme found in tears that helps to break down the cell walls of bacteria, acting as a chemical barrier and part of the innate immune system's first line of defense.
B. Chemotaxis attracts phagocytes to the site where the pathogen invaded.: This is part of the inflammatory response, which occurs after the first line of defense has been breached; therefore, it is not considered a first line of defense action.
C. Natural killer cells are the first lymphocytes to react to infection.: While natural killer cells play an essential role in the immune response, they are part of the second line of defense and respond after pathogens have entered the body.
D. Phagocytes ingest microbes when they enter the body.: This is part of the second line of defense, as phagocytes respond to pathogens that have breached the first line of defense, which includes physical and chemical barriers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Reabsorption of potassium ions: Potassium reabsorption occurs in the nephron, not in the bladder.
B. Secretion of hormones: The bladder does not secrete hormones; its primary function is to store urine.
C. Storage of urine: The bladder is responsible for storing urine before it is excreted from the body.
D. Filtration of urine: Filtration occurs in the kidneys, specifically in the glomerulus, not in the bladder.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. To increase the effectiveness of drugs and hormones in the blood: Tubular secretion helps in removing drugs and hormones, not increasing their effectiveness.
B. To remove excess quantities of substances from the blood: Tubular secretion is responsible for removing excess ions, waste products, and drugs from the blood and excreting them into the urine.
C. To filter out pathogens from the blood: Filtration primarily occurs at the glomerulus, not tubular secretion, and it does not focus on pathogens.
D. To remove 99% of the water from the blood: This is not the purpose of tubular secretion; water reabsorption primarily happens in the nephron’s other parts.
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