Which organ removes old or damaged red blood cells and pathogens within the blood?

A. It increases blood pressure, leading to a heart attack or stroke: This is not the primary mechanism of carbon monoxide poisoning.

B. It causes an increase in carbon dioxide, which causes an increase in pH: This is incorrect. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin more tightly than oxygen, not carbon dioxide.

C. It occupies oxygen-binding sites on hemoglobin and decreases the amount of oxygen that reaches the tissues: Carbon monoxide has a high affinity for hemoglobin, leading to reduced oxygen transport in the blood, which can cause tissue hypoxia and death.

D. It causes inflammation within the bronchioles and prevents air from reaching the alveoli: This is incorrect; carbon monoxide poisoning does not work by causing inflammation.

A. Tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea, seminiferous tubules: The tunica vaginalis is the outer protective layer, followed by the tunica albuginea (a tough fibrous layer), and then the seminiferous tubules, where sperm production occurs.

B. Tunica vaginalis, seminiferous tubules, tunica albuginea: The seminiferous tubules are deeper than the tunica albuginea, making this order incorrect.

C. Tunica albuginea, tunica vaginalis, seminiferous tubules: This reverses the outer layers, as the tunica vaginalis is superficial to the tunica albuginea.

D. Seminiferous tubules, tunica vaginalis, tunica albuginea: This order is incorrect, as the tunica vaginalis and tunica albuginea are external to the seminiferous tubules.