Which clinical manifestations would you assess for in a painter with pulmonary hypertension?
(Select All that Apply.)

Jugular vein distention

Peripheral edema

Ronchi bilaterally

Dyspnea on exertion

Systemic blood pressure greater than 130/90 mm HG

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A. Jugular vein distention: Pulmonary hypertension increases right ventricular afterload, leading to right heart failure. As the right ventricle struggles to pump against elevated pulmonary pressures, blood backs up into the systemic circulation, causing jugular vein distention (JVD).

B. Peripheral edema: Right-sided heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension leads to venous congestion and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral edema. Swelling is commonly observed in the lower extremities due to increased venous hydrostatic pressure.

C. Ronchi bilaterally: Rhonchi are low-pitched breath sounds typically associated with airway obstruction due to secretions, commonly seen in conditions like chronic bronchitis or pneumonia. Pulmonary hypertension primarily affects the pulmonary vasculature rather than the airways, making rhonchi an unlikely manifestation.

D. Dyspnea on exertion: Pulmonary hypertension increases pressure in the pulmonary arteries, reducing oxygen exchange and causing exertional dyspnea. This symptom is often one of the earliest clinical manifestations as increased pulmonary vascular resistance impairs oxygen delivery.

E. Systemic blood pressure greater than 130/90 mm Hg: Pulmonary hypertension specifically affects the pulmonary circulation, not systemic arterial pressure. While pulmonary hypertension can eventually contribute to left heart dysfunction, it does not directly cause systemic hypertension.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. By causing dysrhythmias as a result of hyperkalemia: Angiotensin II does not directly cause dysrhythmias through hyperkalemia. While hyperkalemia can lead to dysrhythmias, angiotensin II primarily acts as a vasoconstrictor and does not directly influence potassium levels.

B. By increasing peripheral vasoconstriction: Angiotensin II increases peripheral vascular resistance through vasoconstriction, which raises blood pressure. This increased resistance requires the heart to work harder to pump blood, thereby increasing the workload on the heart following a myocardial infarction.

C. By stimulating the sympathetic nervous system: Angiotensin II does stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, which can increase heart rate and contractility; however, the direct effect on increasing workload is more prominently due to peripheral vasoconstriction.

D. By reducing the contractility of the myocardium: Angiotensin II does not reduce contractility; in fact, it can enhance contractility in some contexts. It primarily increases the workload of the heart through vasoconstriction and increased afterload rather than reducing contractility.

A. We will have to drain the pus out of your pleural space B. These blebs in your lungs can rupture with exercise C. You will be given a long course of antiviral medication D. We will watch you for respiratory muscle fatigue

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. We will have to drain the pus out of your pleural space: An empyema is characterized by the accumulation of pus in the pleural space, typically due to infection or inflammation. The primary treatment often involves draining the infected fluid to relieve symptoms and treat the underlying infection, making this statement accurate and appropriate for the patient.

B. These blebs in your lungs can rupture with exercise: This statement is not applicable to empyema. Blebs are associated with conditions like pulmonary bullae or emphysema, not empyema. Empyema specifically refers to pus in the pleural space, not blebs in the lungs.

C. You will be given a long course of antiviral medication: Antiviral medication is not typically indicated for empyema, as it is often caused by bacterial infections. Treatment usually involves antibiotics and drainage rather than antiviral therapy.

D. We will watch you for respiratory muscle fatigue: While monitoring for respiratory status is important in any patient with empyema, this statement does not specifically address the nature of empyema or its treatment. The focus should be on managing the infection and drainage of the pleural space.

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Which clinical manifestations would you assess for in a painter with pulmonary hypertension? (Select All that Apply.)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

How does angiotensin II increase the workload of the heart after a myocardial infarction (MI)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A patient has been diagnosed with an empyema. What does the healthcare professional tell the patient about this condition?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

What are the most common complications of myocardial infarction? (Select all that apply) (Select All that Apply.)

Besides dyspnea, what is the most common characteristic associated with pulmonary disease?

Thinking about aneurysms and atherosclerosis, what effect does atherosclerosis have on the development of an aneurysm?

A patient is hospitalized with chronic pericarditis. On assessment, you note the patient has pitting edema in lower extremities, crackles in lungs, and dyspnea on exertion. The patient's echocardiogram shows thickening of the pericardium. This is known as what type of pericarditis?

Myocardium is rigid and noncompliant, impeding ventricular filling and raising pressures during diastole is which form of cardiomyopathy?

A patient has pulmonary edema. For what condition should the healthcare professional assess the patient as the priority?

Which clinical manifestations would you assess for in a painter with pulmonary hypertension?
(Select All that Apply.)