Which describes Middle Range Theory the best?

What the facility states should have been done in that situation:
Facilities have their own policies and procedures that guide the staff. While these are important for ensuring consistent care and safety, they might not always align perfectly with the evolving standards of practice or individual patient needs. Legal standards are more broadly based on what is reasonable and prudent in the specific situation.

What the public expectations of what is to be done in the same situation:
Public expectations might vary widely and can be influenced by individual beliefs, cultural factors, or misconceptions. Legal standards are established by the profession and are based on specialized knowledge and training, ensuring that they reflect the best practices and evidence-based care.

What a reasonable and prudent nurse would have done in the same situation:
This is the key standard in legal contexts, known as the standard of care. It means evaluating the nurse's actions against what a hypothetical, reasonably competent nurse with similar training and experience would have done under similar circumstances. This standard is based on professional expertise, current evidence, and the specific needs of the patient, making it the most relevant and fair measure in cases of professional negligence.

What the general practice of colleagues at the time, in the same situation:
While professional norms and guidelines do consider the practices of colleagues, they also leave room for individual judgment and critical thinking. Just because a practice is common among colleagues does not necessarily mean it meets the standard of care. The legal standard considers what a reasonably prudent nurse would have done, which may involve a more careful evaluation of the situation than simply following common practice.

A) Establishes the physician as the primary and sole source of authority during codes:
This statement is incorrect. The SBAR system does not establish the physician as the sole authority. It's a communication tool designed to enhance collaboration and understanding between healthcare professionals, ensuring effective communication during critical situations.

B) Reduces confusion in the communication between nurse and physician:
This statement is correct. One of the primary roles of the SBAR system is to reduce confusion and enhance the clarity of communication between nurses and physicians. By providing a structured framework (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), it ensures that crucial information is communicated clearly and effectively, especially during critical situations.

C) Aids nurses in independent practice when necessary:
This statement is partially correct. While the SBAR system aids in communication, it does not specifically address independent practice. It focuses on improving interprofessional communication, which is essential for collaborative care.

D) Reduces the number of lawsuits associated with the care of critically ill clients:
This statement is incorrect. While clear communication can contribute to better patient outcomes and potentially reduce the risk of errors, the SBAR system itself does not directly impact the number of lawsuits. Lawsuits are influenced by various factors, including the quality of care, documentation, and adherence to established protocols.