Which group of drugs will the nurse plan to include when teaching a patient who has a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD)? Select all that apply:
ACE inhibitors
Antibiotics
Statins
Beta-blockers
Antiplatelet agents
Correct Answer : C,E
Choice A reason: ACE inhibitors are primarily used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure, but they are not typically the first line of treatment for peripheral artery disease (PAD). While they may be prescribed to manage underlying conditions that contribute to PAD, they are not specifically targeted at improving blood flow in the affected arteries.
Choice B reason: Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and have no role in the management of peripheral artery disease (PAD). They do not address the underlying causes or symptoms of PAD and are not included in the treatment regimen for this condition.
Choice C reason: Statins are commonly prescribed to patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) as they help lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of plaque buildup in the arteries. By lowering LDL cholesterol and stabilizing plaques, statins can improve blood flow and reduce the progression of PAD.
Choice D reason: Beta-blockers are used to manage high blood pressure and heart conditions, but they are not typically used as a primary treatment for peripheral artery disease (PAD). While they may be prescribed to manage underlying cardiovascular conditions, they do not directly improve blood flow in the affected arteries.
Choice E reason: Antiplatelet agents, such as aspirin and clopidogrel, are commonly prescribed to patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) to prevent blood clots from forming in the arteries. By inhibiting platelet aggregation, these medications help improve blood flow and reduce the risk of complications associated with PAD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","E","F"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Applying a clean, dry dressing over the VTE/DVT site is not necessary. VTE/DVT usually involves deep veins where there are no visible wounds requiring dressings. This instruction is irrelevant to the management and discharge instructions for a patient with DVT on anticoagulant therapy.
Choice B reason: Monitoring activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) results is relevant for heparin therapy, not for warfarin. Warfarin therapy is monitored using the international normalized ratio (INR). Therefore, this instruction is not appropriate for a patient being discharged on warfarin.
Choice C reason: Administering the warfarin dose at the same time each day is crucial for maintaining consistent blood levels of the medication, ensuring its effectiveness. It helps to maintain steady anticoagulation and reduces the risk of complications associated with fluctuating blood levels of warfarin.
Choice D reason: Instructing the patient to take aspirin or NSAIDs as needed for pain is inappropriate because these medications can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with warfarin. Patients on warfarin should avoid these medications and use alternatives like acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain relief.
Choice E reason: Advising the patient to use electric razors, not straight razors, when shaving is important to prevent cuts and bleeding. Warfarin increases the risk of bleeding, and using an electric razor minimizes the chance of nicks and cuts that could lead to significant bleeding.
Choice F reason: Monitoring the level of anticoagulation with warfarin using INR results is essential. Regular INR monitoring ensures that the patient maintains a therapeutic level of anticoagulation and helps prevent both clotting and bleeding complications. Adjustments to the warfarin dose are made based on INR results.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","E","F","G"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Weight loss is indicative of hypermetabolism caused by excessive thyroid hormone production. The increased metabolic rate leads to higher energy consumption, resulting in unintentional weight loss even if the patient maintains or increases their food intake.
Choice B reason: Begins to cry when he tells you he recently lost his wife. Emotional responses, such as crying, can be associated with personal loss and grief but are not directly linked to hypermetabolism or excess thyroid hormone. This statement reflects the patient's emotional state rather than a physiological manifestation of hyperthyroidism.
Choice C reason: Hyperactive bowel sounds are a common manifestation of hypermetabolism due to hyperthyroidism. The increased metabolic rate accelerates gastrointestinal motility, resulting in hyperactive bowel sounds and sometimes diarrhea.
Choice D reason: 1+ pitting edema noted in bilateral lower extremities is related to fluid retention and heart failure rather than hypermetabolism. Edema is not a typical manifestation of hyperthyroidism and is more indicative of cardiovascular or renal issues.
Choice E reason: A heart rate of 124 (tachycardia) is a common finding in patients with hyperthyroidism. Excess thyroid hormones increase the heart rate and cardiac output, leading to symptoms such as palpitations and tachycardia.
Choice F reason: Bounding radial pulses are indicative of increased cardiac output and stroke volume, which are common in hyperthyroidism due to the hypermetabolic state induced by excess thyroid hormones. This leads to strong and forceful pulses.
Choice G reason: Anxious and restless behavior is a manifestation of the increased adrenergic activity associated with hyperthyroidism. Excess thyroid hormones stimulate the nervous system, leading to symptoms such as anxiety, restlessness, and irritability.
Choice H reason: Diminished breath sounds with fine crackles in the posterior bases are not directly related to hypermetabolism. These findings are more indicative of fluid overload or heart failure, which can occur in patients with Graves' disease, especially if their heart failure is not well managed.
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