Which occurs when reflexes are hyperactive when the foot is abruptly dorsiflexed?

Rigidity.

Flaccidity.

Ataxia.

Clonus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Rigidity is characterized by a continuous resistance to passive movement in any direction and does not specifically occur during abrupt dorsiflexion of the foot.

Choice B rationale

Flaccidity refers to decreased muscle tone or limpness, which is the opposite of hyperactivity or spasticity, and would not be observed with abrupt dorsiflexion.

Choice C rationale

Ataxia involves uncoordinated or erratic movements and is related to cerebellar dysfunction. This is not specifically triggered by abrupt dorsiflexion of the foot.

Choice D rationale

Clonus is the correct term for rhythmic, involuntary contractions of a muscle that occur when it is suddenly stretched, such as with abrupt dorsiflexion of the foot. It is a sign of hyperactive reflexes and upper motor neuron lesions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Ligaments connect bones and stabilize joints. Age-related changes in ligaments result in decreased elasticity, leading to joint stiffness but not directly causing loss of height.

Choice B rationale

Bones undergo resorption and may lose density with age, leading to osteoporosis. While this contributes to height loss, it is not typically associated with diminished range of motion or flexibility as primary symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Muscles lose mass and strength with aging, a condition known as sarcopenia. This affects flexibility and range of motion but does not lead directly to height loss.

Choice D rationale

Joints are affected by age-related changes such as cartilage wear and synovial fluid reduction, leading to stiffness, loss of flexibility, diminished range of motion, and height loss due to spinal disc compression and vertebral changes.

A. VII. B. VI. C. VIII. D. IX.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Cranial nerve VII (Facial nerve) controls muscles of facial expression and functions in taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, not balance.

Choice B rationale

Cranial nerve VI (Abducens nerve) controls lateral eye movement and has no role in balance or proprioception.

Choice C rationale

Cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve) is responsible for hearing and balance. A positive Romberg test indicates issues with proprioception or vestibular function, which is directly linked to this nerve.

Choice D rationale

Cranial nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal nerve) involves taste sensation from the posterior third of the tongue and some swallowing functions, not balance.

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Which occurs when reflexes are hyperactive when the foot is abruptly dorsiflexed?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is exhibiting diminished range of motion, loss of flexibility, stiffness, and loss of height. The history and physical findings are associated with age-related changes of which area?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on the client and notes a positive Romberg test. This test for balance is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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