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Which of the following can trigger acute respiratory distress?

A.

Inhaling toxic fumes

B.

Severe lung infection

C.

All of these can trigger acute respiratory distress syndrome

D.

Aspirating stomach contents into the lungs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Inhaling toxic fumes can cause damage to the lungs and airways, leading to inflammation and fluid accumulation in the alveoli, triggering acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).  

B. Severe lung infections, such as pneumonia, can lead to ARDS due to widespread inflammation and fluid in the lungs, which impairs gas exchange.  

C. All of these can trigger acute respiratory distress syndrome. ARDS can be caused by a variety of factors, including inhalation of toxic fumes, severe lung infections, and aspiration of stomach contents, all of which can lead to inflammation and damage to the lung tissue.  

D. Aspirating stomach contents into the lungs can lead to aspiration pneumonia, which can cause ARDS due to the inflammatory response in the lungs.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Cystine stones are rare and occur due to a genetic disorder called cystinuria. They are not the most common type of renal calculi.

B. Uric acid stones are also relatively common, especially in individuals with gout or those with high levels of uric acid in the urine. However, calcium oxalate is more common.

C. Calcium oxalate is the most common type of renal calculi, accounting for about 70-80% of kidney stones. These stones form when calcium combines with oxalate in the urine.

D. Struvite stones are associated with urinary tract infections caused by urease-producing bacteria. They are less common than calcium oxalate stones.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Mucous obstruction is a secondary effect of cystic fibrosis, but it is not the primary cellular issue. The root cause lies in the dysfunction of chloride transport, which leads to thick, sticky mucus that obstructs various organs.

B. The primary problem in cystic fibrosis is a defect in the CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) protein, which disrupts electrolyte and water transport across cell membranes. This causes thickened mucus and affects the lungs, pancreas, liver, and intestines.

C. Infection is a common complication in cystic fibrosis due to the buildup of thick mucus, which can trap bacteria, but it is a consequence rather than the primary issue.

D. Pancreatitis is a potential complication of cystic fibrosis due to the blockage of pancreatic ducts, but it is not the major cellular issue.

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