A client describes a sensation of shortness of breath and the inability to get enough air. How should the nurse document the findings?
Dyspnea
Aspiration
Hemoptysis
Orthopnea
The Correct Answer is A
A. Dyspnea is the medical term for shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. It is a subjective sensation of uncomfortable breathing and is the most appropriate term for this client's description.
B. Aspiration refers to the inhalation of food, liquid, or other foreign substances into the airways, which can lead to choking or pneumonia. This does not describe the sensation of shortness of breath.
C. Hemoptysis refers to coughing up blood, which is unrelated to the sensation of shortness of breath described in the question.
D. Orthopnea is shortness of breath that occurs when lying flat, often associated with heart failure. The description in the question does not specifically mention difficulty breathing while lying down.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Identifying specific pathogens is important for guiding treatment, but the immediate focus in septic shock is on supporting circulation and treating the source of infection rather than just identification.
B. Improving tissue perfusion through intravenous fluid and blood replacement is part of the treatment but is not the sole focus. It is a supportive measure, and it is done alongside treating the source of infection.
C. Administering antibiotics is critical in septic shock but is only part of the treatment. It should be done alongside efforts to support circulation and treat the source of infection.
D. Treating the source of infection and supporting circulation are the primary goals in managing septic shock. This includes administering fluids, antibiotics, and sometimes vasopressors, in addition to addressing the underlying infection.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Emphysema, a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is the most common cause of a barrel chest. It occurs due to the destruction of the alveoli, leading to air trapping and overinflation of the lungs, which causes the chest to take on a rounded, barrel-like appearance.
B. Pneumonia typically causes acute symptoms like fever, cough, and difficulty breathing, but it does not cause the chronic lung changes that result in a barrel chest.
C. Tuberculosis can cause lung damage, but it does not typically result in the barrel chest shape. It is more associated with symptoms like cough, hemoptysis, and weight loss.
D. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an acute condition involving rapid onset of severe respiratory distress, often due to trauma or infection. It does not cause the chronic structural changes seen in a barrel chest.
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