Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis?
Age over 60 years
Female gender
Family history of osteoarthritis
Obesity
The Correct Answer is D
Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis. Excess body weight puts increased stress on weight-bearing joints, such as the knees and hips, leading to accelerated wear and tear of the joint cartilage.
a. Age over 60 years is a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis. While the risk of osteoarthritis increases with age, the age itself cannot be modified.
b. Female gender is a non-modifiable risk factor for osteoarthritis. Women have a higher risk of developing osteoarthritis compared to men, but gender cannot be modified.
c. Family history of osteoarthritis is a non-modifiable risk factor. Having a family history of the condition increases the risk, but it cannot be modified.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Regular low-impact exercises, such as swimming, cycling, and walking, are recommended for individuals with osteoarthritis to improve joint flexibility and strength without causing excessive stress on the affected joints. Avoiding all forms of exercise and physical activity can lead to joint stiffness and worsen the symptoms of osteoarthritis. Maintaining a sedentary lifestyle is not beneficial for managing osteoarthritis. High-impact sports and activities can cause additional stress on the joints and are generally not recommended for individuals with osteoarthritis.
a. Avoiding all forms of exercise and physical activity is not recommended for individuals with osteoarthritis. Regular exercise is essential for managing the condition effectively.
b. Maintaining a sedentary lifestyle is not beneficial for individuals with osteoarthritis. Engaging in regular physical activity is important for joint health and overall well-being.
d. Participating in high-impact sports and activities can exacerbate the symptoms of osteoarthritis and cause further joint damage. Low-impact exercises are a safer option for individuals with this condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
X-ray of the joint is the most appropriate diagnostic test to evaluate for osteoarthritis. X-ray can show joint space narrowing, osteophyte formation, and changes in bone density, which are typical findings in osteoarthritis. A complete blood count (CBC) and rheumatoid factor (RF) blood test are used to assess for inflammation and autoimmune markers, respectively, which are more indicative of inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. Synovial fluid analysis is usually performed to assess for infection or inflammation in the joint and may not be as helpful in diagnosing osteoarthritis.
a. A complete blood count (CBC) is used to assess for general health and detect various conditions, but it is not specific to osteoarthritis.
b. A rheumatoid factor (RF) blood test is used to diagnose inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
d. Synovial fluid analysis is usually performed to assess for infection or inflammation in the joint, but it may not provide definitive evidence of osteoarthritis.
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