Which of the following is a characteristic of urine that indicates adequate hydration?
Dark color
Strong smelling
Oliguria
Pale color
The Correct Answer is D
A. Dark-colored urine is typically a sign of dehydration, as the kidneys concentrate the urine when the body is low on water. Adequate hydration usually results in lighter-colored urine.
B. Strong-smelling urine can indicate dehydration, certain foods, or medications, but it is not an indicator of adequate hydration. Properly hydrated urine typically has a mild odor.
C. Oliguria, or low urine output, can be a sign of dehydration, kidney dysfunction, or other underlying issues. It is not a sign of adequate hydration.
D. Pale-colored urine is a characteristic of adequate hydration. When the body is well-hydrated, the kidneys excrete a greater volume of diluted urine, which tends to be light in color.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Consolidation refers to the accumulation of inflammatory products, such as exudate, in the alveoli of the lungs, which is a hallmark finding in pneumonia. It appears as a dense, solid area on chest X-ray and indicates that the lung tissue has become filled with fluid, pus, and cellular debris.
B. Exudation is the process by which fluid and cells leak out of blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, which is part of the inflammatory response in pneumonia. However, consolidation is the specific diagnostic finding that results from exudation in pneumonia.
C. Pneumonia is the overall condition being described, but it is not the diagnostic finding itself. Consolidation is the key radiological and clinical finding in pneumonia.
D. Hemoptysis, or coughing up blood, can occur in some cases of pneumonia, but it is not a typical or defining diagnostic finding of pneumonia. It is more often associated with conditions like tuberculosis or lung cancer.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A platelet count of 150,000/mm is within the normal range (150,000-450,000/mm), and while platelet count can be important in assessing for bleeding risks, it is not the most urgent value in the context of HIV.
B. A positive Western blot test confirms HIV infection but is not an acute or urgent finding. It is used for diagnosis, and the priority is to manage the ongoing health of the patient.
C. A WBC count of 5,000/mm is within the normal range (4,000-11,000/mm), so this is not an alarming value.
D. A CD4-T-cell count of 180 cells/mm is significantly low. CD4-T-cell count is a critical marker of immune function in HIV patients. A count below 200 cells/mm indicates a severely compromised immune system and places the patient at high risk for opportunistic infections. This is the most urgent value and requires immediate attention.
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