Which of the following increases the risk for renal calculi?
Dehydration
Sedentary lifestyle
Drinking 32 ounces of milk per day
Running 5 miles
The Correct Answer is A
A. Dehydration increases the risk of renal calculi (kidney stones) because it leads to concentrated urine, which promotes the formation of stones. When there is insufficient fluid intake, the kidneys cannot dilute substances like calcium and oxalate, which can form crystals and eventually stones.
B. A sedentary lifestyle is a risk factor for a variety of health issues, including obesity, but it does not directly increase the risk of kidney stones. Physical inactivity can contribute to weight gain, which in turn may increase the risk of developing stones, but it is not as direct a cause as dehydration.
C. Drinking 32 ounces of milk per day does not directly increase the risk for kidney stones. In fact, moderate calcium intake can help prevent the formation of certain types of kidney stones. However, excessive calcium intake from supplements (rather than food) may increase the risk.
D. Running 5 miles does not increase the risk of kidney stones. In fact, regular physical activity can help prevent the formation of kidney stones by promoting overall health and hydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While high blood glucose levels can affect nerve function, excessive glucose exposure does not specifically target the brain and spinal cord in a way that causes neuropathy.
B. Neuropathy in diabetes is not caused by the inability to provide glucose to the brain and spinal cord, but rather by the effects of high blood glucose levels on peripheral nerves.
C. Infection in the nerves is not the primary cause of diabetic neuropathy, although infection can occur in diabetic patients due to poor circulation and immune system impairment.
D. Chronic high blood glucose levels can cause thickening of blood vessels, leading to poor circulation (ischemia) that deprives nerves of oxygen and nutrients, ultimately causing nerve damage. This is the primary cause of diabetic neuropathy.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Identifying specific pathogens is important for guiding treatment, but the immediate focus in septic shock is on supporting circulation and treating the source of infection rather than just identification.
B. Improving tissue perfusion through intravenous fluid and blood replacement is part of the treatment but is not the sole focus. It is a supportive measure, and it is done alongside treating the source of infection.
C. Administering antibiotics is critical in septic shock but is only part of the treatment. It should be done alongside efforts to support circulation and treat the source of infection.
D. Treating the source of infection and supporting circulation are the primary goals in managing septic shock. This includes administering fluids, antibiotics, and sometimes vasopressors, in addition to addressing the underlying infection.
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