Which manifestation is more commonly found in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema?
Cyanosis
Dyspnea
Lymphadenopathy
Cough
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cyanosis is a common feature in both chronic bronchitis and emphysema due to hypoxemia, but it is more often seen in chronic bronchitis due to the persistent airway obstruction and reduced gas exchange.
B. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is more commonly associated with emphysema due to the destruction of alveolar walls and loss of lung elasticity, which impairs gas exchange. Chronic bronchitis can also cause dyspnea, but it is more closely linked with emphysema.
C. Lymphadenopathy is not a characteristic feature of chronic bronchitis or emphysema; it is more associated with infections or malignancies.
D. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a persistent cough with sputum production, which is a hallmark symptom. This is more prominent in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema, where the cough is less frequent and sputum production is less significant.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Anorexia is a common manifestation of SIADH due to the effects of hyponatremia (low sodium levels) and fluid retention.
B. Edema of fluid overload is not a typical manifestation of SIADH. While SIADH leads to fluid retention due to excess antidiuretic hormone (ADH), the excess fluid is typically intracellular and does not cause peripheral edema as seen in conditions like heart failure or nephrotic syndrome.
C. Vomiting is a common manifestation of SIADH, often related to the effects of hyponatremia, which can irritate the gastrointestinal system.
D. Nausea is also a common symptom of SIADH due to the imbalance of electrolytes, particularly low sodium levels, which can affect the brain and lead to nausea.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Diabetic retinopathy, a common complication of diabetes, is caused by microvascular changes in the eye. Chronic high blood sugar can damage the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to visual impairment. This is the most common cause of visual impairment in people with long-standing diabetes.
B. Exophthalmos is typically associated with thyroid disorders, particularly Graves' disease, not diabetes.
C. Abnormal metabolism in the lens can lead to cataracts, but it is not the primary cause of visual impairment in diabetic patients.
D. Cataracts are more common in people with diabetes, but they are not the primary cause of visual impairment in diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy due to microvascular damage is the leading cause.
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