Which manifestation is more commonly found in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema?
Cyanosis
Dyspnea
Lymphadenopathy
Cough
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cyanosis is a common feature in both chronic bronchitis and emphysema due to hypoxemia, but it is more often seen in chronic bronchitis due to the persistent airway obstruction and reduced gas exchange.
B. Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is more commonly associated with emphysema due to the destruction of alveolar walls and loss of lung elasticity, which impairs gas exchange. Chronic bronchitis can also cause dyspnea, but it is more closely linked with emphysema.
C. Lymphadenopathy is not a characteristic feature of chronic bronchitis or emphysema; it is more associated with infections or malignancies.
D. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by a persistent cough with sputum production, which is a hallmark symptom. This is more prominent in chronic bronchitis than in emphysema, where the cough is less frequent and sputum production is less significant.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Laxatives are used to relieve constipation by promoting bowel movements, not for treating diarrhea.
B. Antimotility agents work by slowing down the movement of the intestines, which can reduce diarrhea, but they do not specifically absorb excess fluid in the fecal matter.
C. Adsorbents, such as activated charcoal or kaolin-pectin, work by absorbing excess fluid in the fecal matter in the colon, which helps to reduce diarrhea without affecting transport processes across the intestinal membranes.
D. Bulk-forming agents, like psyllium, absorb water and increase the bulk of stool, which is used for constipation rather than diarrhea.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Chronic alveolar distention, often seen in conditions like emphysema, leads to the enlargement of the alveoli and results in a barrel-shaped chest. This is due to the loss of elasticity in the lungs, causing air trapping and an increased anterior-posterior diameter of the chest.
B. Chronic costochondritis causes inflammation of the cartilage between the ribs and sternum, leading to localized pain but not a barrel chest.
C. Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which can lead to chronic alveolar distention and a barrel chest, but smoking alone is not the direct cause of the chest shape.
D. Hypokalemia affects muscle function, including the muscles involved in respiration, but it does not directly cause a barrel chest.
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