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Which of the following is an essential role of calcium?

A.

Blood clotting

B.

Acid buffering

C.

Extracellular osmotic pressure

D.

ATP production

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Calcium plays a critical role in blood clotting. It is involved in the coagulation cascade and is necessary for the activation of clotting factors that help stop bleeding. 

B. Calcium is not involved in acid buffering. This function is primarily carried out by buffers such as bicarbonate in the blood. 

C. While calcium does help regulate some functions of cells and tissues, it does not primarily contribute to extracellular osmotic pressure; this is more a function of proteins and other ions. 

D. ATP production mainly occurs in mitochondria and is driven by the metabolism of glucose and fatty acids, not by calcium directly. Calcium does, however, play a role in cellular processes like muscle contraction.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. As previously noted, the length of the thoracic cavity increases, not decreases, during the contraction of inspiratory muscles.

B. The diaphragm moves downward (not upward) when it contracts, allowing the lungs to expand.

C. The contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostals increases the diameter of the thoracic cavity, providing space for the lungs to expand and fill with air. This is the correct answer.

D. The chest cavity does not compress the lungs during inspiration; instead, it expands to accommodate the lungs as they fill with air.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, surrounds the entire cell and separates the cytoplasm from the external environment. It acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

B. The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids, but it does not enclose the cytoplasm. It is an internal organelle.

C. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein and lipid synthesis and forms a network within the cytoplasm, but it does not enclose it. It works within the cell's internal structure.

D. The flagellum is a tail-like structure used for cell movement in some cells, but it does not enclose the cytoplasm.

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