Which of the following is the effect of a hypertonic solution on a red blood cell?
The volume of the cell decreases
The permeability of the cell membrane decreases
The permeability of the cell membrane increases.
The volume of the cell increases.
The Correct Answer is A
a. The volume of the cell decreases: When a red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution (solution with a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell compared to inside), water will move out of the cell through osmosis to equalize the concentration on both sides of the cell membrane. This movement of water causes the red blood cell to shrink (crenate).
b. The permeability of the cell membrane decreases: Incorrect. The permeability of the cell membrane to water remains relatively constant.
c. The permeability of the cell membrane increases: Incorrect. Osmosis is a passive process that doesn't require increased permeability.
d. The volume of the cell increases: Incorrect. A hypertonic solution will cause the cell to lose water and shrink.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
a. Intercostal muscles: Intercostal muscles are located between the ribs and help with breathing movements. They don't separate the pleurae.
b. Pleural cavity: The pleural cavity is the space between the pleura and the lung on each side. There isn't another pleural cavity within this space.
c. Mediastinum: The pleura are two thin membranes that line the lungs and inner chest wall. The mediastinum is the central compartment of the thoracic cavity, containing essential structures like the heart, trachea, esophagus, and major blood vessels. It separates the right and left pleural cavities.
d. Diaphragm: The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. While it plays a role in respiration, it doesn't directly separate the pleurae
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
a. Lipase: Lipase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down fats into fatty acids and glycerol during digestion.
b. Maltase: Maltase is an enzyme that breaks down maltose into glucose molecules. It is involved in carbohydrate digestion.
c. Protease: Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins into amino acids. They are not involved in fat digestion.
d. Lactase: Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down lactose, the sugar found in milk, into glucose and galactose. It is involved in carbohydrate digestion.
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