Which of the following patients should the nurse consider as having a higher risk for malnutrition?

A 25-year-old planning to lose 20 pounds after childbirth.

A 65-year-old who recently underwent hernia surgery (postoperative day 2).

A 70-year-old who has been fasting since midnight in preparation for a colonoscopy.

A 55-year-old who has been consuming alcohol for 35 years.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

While a 25-year-old planning to lose 20 pounds after childbirth may have increased nutritional needs, they would not typically be considered at higher risk for malnutrition unless there were other factors such as inadequate diet or certain health conditions.
Choice B rationale
A 65-year-old who recently underwent hernia surgery might have temporary changes in diet or appetite related to the surgery, but would not typically be at high risk for malnutrition unless there were other ongoing issues such as poor diet, difficulty eating, or a chronic health condition.
Choice C rationale
A 70-year-old who has been fasting since midnight in preparation for a colonoscopy would not typically be at risk for malnutrition from this short-term fast. However, if they had ongoing issues with diet, appetite, or a chronic health condition, they could potentially be at risk.
Choice D rationale
A 55-year-old who has been consuming alcohol for 35 years is at higher risk for malnutrition. Alcohol can interfere with the body’s ability to absorb and use nutrients, and individuals with long-term heavy alcohol use may also have other lifestyle factors that increase their risk for malnutrition.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Hepatitis A is a highly contagious virus that spreads through person-to-person contact or consuming contaminated food or drink. The virus can contaminate food during growing, harvesting, processing, handling, and even after cooking. Therefore, avoiding serving raw foods can help prevent the spread of the virus.
Choice B rationale

Hepatitis A is not typically spread through sexual intercourse. It is primarily spread through the fecal-oral route, either by person-to-person contact or consumption of contaminated food or water. Therefore, wearing barrier protection during vaginal intercourse is not a primary prevention strategy for Hepatitis A.
Choice C rationale
While it’s possible to contract Hepatitis A from food prepared at any location, including fast food restaurants, the risk is not specifically associated with these establishments. The key is whether the food is contaminated with the virus, which can occur in any setting if food is handled by someone infected with Hepatitis A who doesn’t properly wash their hands after using the toilet.
Choice D rationale
Practicing effective hand hygiene, including thoroughly washing hands after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food, is a primary prevention strategy for Hepatitis A1. The virus is spread in part by the fecal-oral route, so good hand hygiene can help prevent ingestion of the virus.

A. You should avoid or cut down on alcohol and caffeine which can aggravate GERD. B. It is okay to take aspirin with GERD. C. You should avoid possible mercury containing foods such as some seafood because of their risk to GERD. D. There is no causal link between lying down after eating and increased onset of GERD.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing discomfort. Certain lifestyle habits and diet can trigger or worsen GERD symptoms. Alcohol and caffeine are among the substances that can aggravate

GERD123. They can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. Therefore, reducing or avoiding alcohol and caffeine can help manage GERD symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can cause or worsen GERD symptoms. It can irritate the esophagus and stomach lining, leading to heartburn and other GERD symptoms. Therefore, it’s not advisable to take aspirin if you have GERD12.
Choice C rationale
While it’s important to avoid mercury-containing foods due to their potential health risks, there’s no specific link between these foods and GERD12. GERD is primarily triggered by foods that relax the lower esophageal sphincter, cause stomach distension, or irritate the esophagus. Mercury-containing foods do not fall into these categories.
Choice D rationale
Lying down after eating can indeed increase the onset of GERD123. When you lie down, it’s easier for stomach acid to backflow into the esophagus. This is why it’s recommended to wait at least 2-3 hours after eating before lying down.

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Which of the following patients should the nurse consider as having a higher risk for malnutrition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a client who has hepatitis A on how to prevent the spread of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is educating a patient about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus about diabetic retinopathy. Which of the following statements should the nurse make to the patient?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a patient who recently experienced an acute gout attack. Which patient statement indicates they have understood the treatment plan?

A nurse is caring for a patient who reports pain in their lower extremities following surgery. Which of the following should the nurse address first?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a peptic ulcer. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hepatitis. Which nurse response best explains how a person can contract the virus?

A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has hypertension, which has resulted in a transient ischemic attack (TIA). What information regarding blood pressure (BP) management should the nurse discuss with the client?

A nurse is caring for a patient who has recently been diagnosed with liver disease. Which laboratory values should the nurse anticipate the healthcare provider will order to confirm this diagnosis?