Which of the following responses indicate that the nurse understands the first-pass effect?
Medication routes that are affected by the first-pass effect include intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal.
Enteric-coated tablets and capsules are affected by the first-pass effect except a pharmacologic effect.
The first-pass effect is when the liver activates all medications on their first pass through the liver.
Enteral medications may need a higher dose due to the first-pass effect.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal routes bypass the first-pass effect as they do not pass through the liver first.
Choice B rationale
Enteric-coated tablets and capsules are designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the intestines, reducing the first-pass effect.
Choice C rationale
The first-pass effect involves the liver metabolizing and inactivating a portion of the medication on its first pass through the liver.
Choice D rationale
Enteral medications, which pass through the digestive system, may require higher doses due to the first-pass effect where the liver metabolizes the medication before it reaches systemic circulation. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lactated Ringers (LR) is an isotonic solution, which means it has the same osmolarity as blood plasma. This property makes LR suitable for rehydrating patients without causing a significant shift of fluids between compartments, maintaining the balance of electrolytes.
Choice B rationale
0.45% Sodium Chloride is a hypotonic solution, meaning it has a lower osmolarity compared to blood plasma. This type of solution would cause fluid to move into cells, potentially leading to cellular swelling.
Choice C rationale
Dextrose in Lactated Ringers is a hypertonic solution because the added dextrose increases the osmolarity. This solution can cause fluid to shift out of cells, leading to cellular shrinkage, which is not ideal for rehydration.
Choice D rationale
None of the above is incorrect because Lactated Ringers (LR) is indeed an isotonic solution.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metformin is an oral diabetes medication that can interact with iodine-containing contrast dye, potentially leading to lactic acidosis.
Choice B rationale
Levothyroxine is used to treat hypothyroidism and does not interact with iodine-containing contrast dye.
Choice C rationale
Insulin Lispro is a rapid-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels in diabetes and does not interact with iodine-containing contrast dye.
Choice D rationale
NPH Insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels and does not interact with iodine-containing contrast dye.
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