Which of the following responses indicate that the nurse understands the first-pass effect?
Medication routes that are affected by the first-pass effect include intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal.
Enteric-coated tablets and capsules are affected by the first-pass effect except a pharmacologic effect.
The first-pass effect is when the liver activates all medications on their first pass through the liver.
Enteral medications may need a higher dose due to the first-pass effect.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal routes bypass the first-pass effect as they do not pass through the liver first.
Choice B rationale
Enteric-coated tablets and capsules are designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the intestines, reducing the first-pass effect.
Choice C rationale
The first-pass effect involves the liver metabolizing and inactivating a portion of the medication on its first pass through the liver.
Choice D rationale
Enteral medications, which pass through the digestive system, may require higher doses due to the first-pass effect where the liver metabolizes the medication before it reaches systemic circulation. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Metoprolol is a beta-adrenergic blocker that works by decreasing heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output. It is commonly used to treat hypertension by reducing the workload on the heart and lowering blood pressure.
Choice B rationale
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that is used to treat angina by dilating blood vessels and improving blood flow to the heart. It does not have the same mechanism of action as beta-adrenergic blockers.
Choice C rationale
Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that helps relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure. It does not directly decrease heart rate or myocardial contractility like beta-adrenergic blockers.
Choice D rationale
Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent used to manage type 2 diabetes by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing glucose production in the liver. It is not used to treat hypertension and does not have the same mechanism of action as beta-adrenergic blockers.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cetirizine is an antihistamine used to treat allergy symptoms and is not an NSAID.
Choice B rationale
Celecoxib is a second-generation NSAID that selectively inhibits COX-2 enzyme, reducing inflammation and pain with a lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
Choice C rationale
Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used to treat allergic reactions and is not an NSAID.
Choice D rationale
Aspirin is a first-generation NSAID that inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes to reduce inflammation, pain, and fever.
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