Which of the following responses indicate that the nurse understands the first-pass effect?
Medication routes that are affected by the first-pass effect include intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal.
Enteric-coated tablets and capsules are affected by the first-pass effect except a pharmacologic effect.
The first-pass effect is when the liver activates all medications on their first pass through the liver.
Enteral medications may need a higher dose due to the first-pass effect.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Intravenous, intramuscular, and intradermal routes bypass the first-pass effect as they do not pass through the liver first.
Choice B rationale
Enteric-coated tablets and capsules are designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the intestines, reducing the first-pass effect.
Choice C rationale
The first-pass effect involves the liver metabolizing and inactivating a portion of the medication on its first pass through the liver.
Choice D rationale
Enteral medications, which pass through the digestive system, may require higher doses due to the first-pass effect where the liver metabolizes the medication before it reaches systemic circulation. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Celecoxib does not inhibit the histamine response. Histamine is involved in allergic reactions, and celecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that targets specific enzymes involved in inflammation.
Choice B rationale
Celecoxib specifically inhibits COX-2, an enzyme involved in the inflammation pathway. This selective inhibition helps reduce inflammation and pain without significantly affecting COX-1, which is protective for the stomach lining.
Choice C rationale
COX-1 is not the primary target of celecoxib. Inhibition of COX-1 can lead to gastrointestinal side effects, which celecoxib aims to minimize by selectively inhibiting COX-2 instead.
Choice D rationale
Celecoxib does not inhibit beta receptors. Beta receptors are involved in cardiovascular responses, and beta blockers are used for conditions like hypertension, not inflammation.
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone (Yaz) is a combination oral contraceptive used to prevent pregnancy. It works by inhibiting ovulation, altering the cervical mucus to prevent sperm penetration, and changing the uterine lining to prevent implantation.
Choice B rationale
Finasteride is not used for contraception or prevention of pregnancy. It is primarily used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness).
Choice C rationale
Desogestrel (Mirena) is a hormonal intrauterine device (IUD) used for long-term contraception. It releases a progestin hormone that thickens cervical mucus, inhibits sperm motility, and thins the endometrial lining to prevent pregnancy.
Choice D rationale
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) is an injectable contraceptive that provides long-term prevention of pregnancy. It prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to inhibit sperm penetration.
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