Which of the following structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy

Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy

Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy

Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, life ventricular hypertrophy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

a) Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy: Does not describe the specific combination seen in tetralogy of Fallot.

b) Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy: Incorrect combination of defects for tetralogy of Fallot.

c) Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy: Accurately describes the four structural defects characterizing tetralogy of Fallot.

d) Aortic stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy: Left ventricular hypertrophy is not typically part of tetralogy of Fallot.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

a) A large bore needle with Heimlich valve for needle aspiration: Not typically used in the management of diaphragmatic hernia.

b) A chest tube set up: While useful in other situations, it may not be the immediate priority in managing diaphragmatic hernia.

c) Intubation setup: Essential for respiratory support in newborns with diaphragmatic hernia, as it helps manage respiratory distress.

d) Appropriate self-inflating bag and correct mask size: Important for neonatal resuscitation but doesn’t specifically address the respiratory challenges associated with diaphragmatic hernia.

A. The younger child’s airways are smaller and more easily occluded B. You are incorrect in your assessment C. Air passages are more likely to become blocked with mucus due to increased mucus production in young children D. Infants are not able to breathe deeply

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a) The younger child’s airways are smaller and more easily occluded: Children, especially infants, have smaller airways, making them more susceptible to blockage during infections.

b) You are incorrect in your assessment: This response dismisses the mother's concern without providing information.

c) Air passages are more likely to become blocked with mucus due to increased mucus production in young children: While increased mucus production can be a factor, the size of airways is a more critical consideration.

d) Infants are not able to breathe deeply: Not an accurate statement; infants have a different breathing pattern but can breathe adequately.

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Which of the following structural defects constitute tetralogy of Fallot?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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