Which organ plays a central role in regulating blood glucose levels by secreting insulin and glucagon?
Pancreas
Kidneys.
Lungs.
Spleen.
None
None
The Correct Answer is A
Correct choices
A. The pancreas plays a central role in blood glucose regulation by releasing glucose into the bloodstream through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis when blood glucose levels are low. It also stores glucose as glycogen and responds to insulin and glucagon signals.
Incorrect choices:
b. This choice is incorrect. While the kidneys play a role in filtering blood and excreting waste products, they are not primarily responsible for regulating blood glucose levels.
c. This choice is incorrect. The lungs are involved in oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange and are not directly involved in blood glucose regulation.
d. This choice is incorrect. The spleen is involved in immune function and blood filtration, but it does not play a central role in blood glucose regulation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Prolonged hyperglycemia in diabetes can lead to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which contribute to tissue damage, inflammation, and complications such as neuropathy and nephropathy.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Hypoglycemic episodes are associated with low blood sugar, not prolonged hyperglycemia.
b. This choice is incorrect. Increased cellular glucose uptake and energy production would not be consequences of prolonged hyperglycemia; rather, hyperglycemia impairs cellular glucose uptake.
d. This choice is incorrect. Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to insulin resistance, not enhanced insulin sensitivity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Basal-bolus insulin therapy involves administering a continuous basal insulin infusion to provide background insulin coverage and delivering bolus doses of insulin before meals to cover postprandial glucose elevations.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Oral antidiabetic medications are not used in basal-bolus insulin therapy.
c. This choice is incorrect. Sliding-scale insulin therapy involves adjusting insulin doses based on current blood glucose levels, rather than providing consistent basal and mealtime coverage.
d. This choice is incorrect. Insulin glargine therapy provides long-acting basal insulin coverage but does not involve bolus doses before meals.
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