Which should the nurse include when instructing a client on the prevention of osteoporosis?

Include an average daily intake of 300 mg of calcium

Walk 20-30 minutes three days a week

Engage in isometric exercise 20-30 minutes weekly

Include adequate intake of vitamin E

None of the above

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is E

Choice A reason: Including an average daily intake of 300 mg of calcium is not a sufficient measure to prevent osteoporosis, as it is below the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for calcium, which is 1000 mg for adults aged 19-50 years, and 1200 mg for adults aged 51 years and older. Calcium is an essential mineral for bone health, as it helps to build and maintain the bone density and strength.

Choice B reason: Walking 20-30 minutes three days a week is not an optimal measure to prevent osteoporosis, as it is below the recommended physical activity guidelines, which suggest at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, and at least two sessions of muscle-strengthening activities per week. Physical activity is beneficial for bone health, as it stimulates the bone formation and reduces the bone loss.

Choice C reason: Engaging in isometric exercise 20-30 minutes weekly is not an effective measure to prevent osteoporosis, as it is not the best type of exercise for bone health, and it is not performed frequently enough. Isometric exercise is a form of exercise that involves contracting the muscles without moving the joints, such as holding a plank or a wall sit. Isometric exercise does not provide enough mechanical stress or load to the bones, which is needed to stimulate the bone remodeling and growth.

Choice D reason: Including adequate intake of vitamin E is not a relevant measure to prevent osteoporosis, as it is not a major nutrient for bone health, and it has no direct effect on the bone metabolism. Vitamin E is an antioxidant that helps to protect the cells from oxidative stress and inflammation, which may have some indirect benefits for the bone health, but it is not a key factor. Vitamin E is also not a common deficiency, and it can be obtained from various foods, such as vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, and green leafy vegetables.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Institute of Medicine (IOM) research is not a method for developing procedures, but an organization that conducts health-related studies and provides recommendations for improving health care quality and safety.

Choice B reason: Evidence-based practice is the correct method for developing procedures. It is the process of integrating the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences to make decisions about health care.

Choice C reason: Knowledge, skills, and attitude are not a method for developing procedures, but the components of competency that nurses need to provide safe and effective care.

Choice D reason: Core measures are not a method for developing procedures, but a set of standardized performance indicators that evaluate the quality of care for specific conditions or procedures.

A. Staphylococcus aureus B. Escherichia coli C. Proteus mirabilis D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa E. None of the above

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen to cause osteomyelitis, as it is a gram-positive bacterium that can invade the bone through the bloodstream, a wound, or a surgical site. It can cause acute or chronic inflammation and infection of the bone and bone marrow.

Choice B reason: Escherichia coli is not the most common pathogen to cause osteomyelitis, as it is a gram-negative bacterium that is usually found in the gastrointestinal tract. It can cause urinary tract infections, diarrhea, or sepsis, but it is not a frequent cause of bone infections.

Choice C reason: Proteus mirabilis is not the most common pathogen to cause osteomyelitis, as it is a gram-negative bacterium that is usually found in the urinary tract. It can cause urinary tract infections, kidney stones, or septicemia, but it is not a common cause of bone infections.

Choice D reason: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is not the most common pathogen to cause osteomyelitis, as it is a gram-negative bacterium that is usually found in moist environments. It can cause skin infections, pneumonia, or septic shock, but it is not a frequent cause of bone infections.

Choice E reason: None of the above is not a correct choice, as there is one option that matches the most common pathogen to cause osteomyelitis.

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Which should the nurse include when instructing a client on the prevention of osteoporosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client presents to a clinic complaining of a leg ulcer that isn't healing; subsequent diagnostic testing suggests osteomyelitis. The nurse is aware the most common pathogen to cause osteomyelitis is which pathogen?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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