Which type of seizure is characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone, leading to the person collapsing or falling down?

Tonic-clonic seizure

Myoclonic seizure

Atonic seizure

Absence seizure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Tonic-clonic seizure. Tonic-clonic seizures involve both muscle stiffness (tonic phase) and jerking movements (clonic phase), but they are not characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone.

B. Myoclonic seizure. Myoclonic seizures involve brief, sudden jerks or twitches of a muscle or group of muscles, not the sudden loss of muscle tone.

C. Atonic seizure. Atonic seizures, also known as "drop attacks," are characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone, which causes the person to collapse or fall to the ground. This is the correct description of the type of seizure being asked about.

D. Absence seizure. Absence seizures involve brief episodes of staring and loss of awareness but do not cause loss of muscle tone or collapsing.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hold the infant's chin to his chest and knees to his abdomen during the procedure is correct. For a lumbar puncture in an infant, a proper position to facilitate the procedure is to curl the infant into a fetal position by holding the chin to the chest and the knees to the abdomen, which opens up the intervertebral spaces for better access.

B. No sedation is needed, due to application of anesthetic cream is incorrect. While an anesthetic cream is typically used to numb the skin, sedation or pain management may still be required depending on the infant's tolerance.

C. Apply an anesthetic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine cream topically 15 min prior to the procedure is incorrect. Lidocaine and prilocaine are topical anesthetics, but the cream should be applied 30 minutes to 1 hour prior to the procedure to ensure effectiveness, not just 15 minutes.

D. Keep the infant NPO for 6 hr prior the procedure is incorrect. Most lumbar puncture procedures in infants do not require the infant to be NPO for 6 hours. The NPO guideline typically depends on whether anesthesia or sedation is being used, and for lumbar punctures, a shorter fasting period (if any) is often sufficient.

A. Have blood work done B. Monitor intracranial pressure C. Recommend a CT scan D. Use the Glasgow cognitive scale

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Have blood work done is not the initial priority for assessing cognitive status in a child with a suspected head injury. Blood work may be ordered later to assess for any contributing factors but is not the first step in cognitive assessment.

B. Monitor intracranial pressure is important but typically comes after an initial cognitive assessment. Elevated intracranial pressure may be suspected after assessing cognitive function and other neurological signs.

C. Recommend a CT scan might be ordered by a healthcare provider to assess for structural brain damage, but the initial assessment of cognitive status should be done first to evaluate the severity of the injury.

D. Use the Glasgow cognitive scale is the correct initial action. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is used to assess a child's level of consciousness and cognitive function following a head injury. It helps determine the severity of the injury and guides further intervention.

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Which type of seizure is characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone, leading to the person collapsing or falling down?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a 5-month-old infant who is scheduled for a lumbar puncture to rule out meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a child who has a suspected head injury. What would be the initial action the nurse should take to assess the child's cognitive status?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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