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Which view of personality development includes the idea that expectancies influence one's behavior?

A.

Biological

B.

Humanistic

C.

Sociocognitive

D.

Psychoanalytic

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. The biological perspective focuses on genetic and physiological factors in personality development but does not emphasize the role of expectancies.

B. The humanistic perspective, associated with theorists like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, focuses on personal growth and self-actualization, rather than expectancies specifically.

C. The sociocognitive view of personality development, influenced by theorists like Albert Bandura, focuses on how cognitive processes, such as expectancies, influence behavior. This view highlights the role of environmental and cognitive factors in shaping personality.

D. The psychoanalytic view, developed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes unconscious drives and conflicts, not expectancies as a primary influence on behavior.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Expecting positive outcomes is more characteristic of optimism, not neuroticism.

B. Enjoying large social interactions is associated with extraversion, not neuroticism.

C. Losing touch with reality can be related to severe mental disorders like psychosis, not neuroticism.

D. People with neuroticism tend to experience high levels of anxiety and worry, often focusing on trivial or insignificant details, reflecting their emotional instability.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Functionalism focuses on the functions of consciousness and behavior, but it is not based on the idea of personal growth or goodness.

B. Gestalt psychology emphasizes perception and understanding the whole, rather than focusing on personality traits or personal growth.

C. Humanistic psychology emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness of people, making it the most fitting school for Maria's orientation.

D. Psychodynamic theory, founded by Freud, focuses on unconscious processes and early life experiences, which does not align with Maria's view of personal potential.

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