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Which prominent psychologist of the humanistic movement theorized that people can improve themselves using free will and self-determination?

A.

Albert Bandura

B.

Carl Rogers

C.

BF Skinner

D.

Sigmund Freud

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Albert Bandura is known for his social learning theory, emphasizing the role of observational learning and self-efficacy rather than focusing on free will and self-determination.

B. Carl Rogers, a key figure in the humanistic movement, proposed that individuals have the capacity for self-improvement through free will and self-determination, emphasizing personal growth and self-actualization.

C. BF Skinner is associated with behaviorism, focusing on behavior being shaped by environmental factors and reinforcement, not on concepts of free will and self-determination.

D. Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, emphasized unconscious motives and conflicts rather than free will and self-determination in personal growth.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Functionalism focuses on the functions of consciousness and behavior, but it is not based on the idea of personal growth or goodness.

B. Gestalt psychology emphasizes perception and understanding the whole, rather than focusing on personality traits or personal growth.

C. Humanistic psychology emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness of people, making it the most fitting school for Maria's orientation.

D. Psychodynamic theory, founded by Freud, focuses on unconscious processes and early life experiences, which does not align with Maria's view of personal potential.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Functionalism is associated with William James and focuses on how mental processes help individuals adapt to their environment.

B. Humanism, associated with Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization.

C. Multiculturalism considers cultural influences on behavior but is not linked to Freud.

D. Psychodynamic theory, developed by Freud, focuses on unconscious processes and childhood experiences.

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