While speaking to his neighbor about his recent health problems, a man describes his pain as "tightness across his chest which worsens with strenuous activity but completely goes away when the activity is stopped." He most likely received a diagnosis of

Stable angina.

Pulmonary embolus.

Myocardial infarction.

Unstable angina.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Stable angina is characterized by chest pain or discomfort that occurs with physical exertion or stress and is relieved with rest or nitroglycerin.

B. Pulmonary embolus typically causes sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, and possible hemoptysis, but not a pattern that resolves with rest or cessation of activity.

C. Myocardial infarction (MI) typically causes prolonged chest pain that does not resolve quickly and is not relieved by rest.

D. Unstable angina is more severe than stable angina, occurring at rest or with minimal activity, and does not resolve quickly. It also increases in frequency and intensity over time.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. ACE inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor in the RAAS, which leads to decreased blood pressure by promoting vasodilation.

B. The RAAS is primarily a vasoconstrictive system, and ACE inhibitors reduce this vasoconstriction, not vasodilation.

C. ACE inhibitors do not directly affect the inotropic (force of contraction) effects of the SNS; they work on the RAAS.

D. While natriuretic peptides help regulate fluid balance, ACE inhibitors do not directly impact this system.

A. increase platelet adhesion to prevent plaque development. B. increase preload to increase cardiac workload. C. constrict coronary arteries to decrease ischemia. D. decrease afterload to maximize cardiac output (CO).

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Medications in unstable angina aim to prevent platelet aggregation and thrombus formation, not increase platelet adhesion.

B. Increasing preload would increase cardiac workload, which is counterproductive in managing unstable angina, as the goal is to reduce workload on the heart.

C. Constricting coronary arteries would worsen ischemia and exacerbate unstable angina, not help it.

D. Decreasing afterload (the resistance the heart must pump against) reduces the workload on the heart, helping to improve cardiac output and alleviate ischemia in unstable angina.

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While speaking to his neighbor about his recent health problems, a man describes his pain as "tightness across his chest which worsens with strenuous activity but completely goes away when the activity is stopped." He most likely received a diagnosis of

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient arrives at the clinic for his yearly physical. His vital signs include a blood pressure of 170/110. The patient is prescribed an ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor. This medication decreases blood pressure by inhibiting the

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse caring for a patient with unstable angina will most likely need to give medications to

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A week after recovering from strep throat, a child is diagnosed with post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Expected signs and symptoms (S&S) of a patient diagnosed with glomerulonephritis include which is caused by

A nurse is caring for a patient who has complete kidney failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which treatment will the nurse anticipate for this patient?

A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Clinical findings associated with this disease are

A woman presents to a clinic with JVD (jugular venous distension), liver congestion, ascites, and ankle edema. Upon auscultation of her heart, the RN notes a murmur. The etiologies that would best account for all aspects of this patient picture are

Which laboratory test, when elevated, indicates an increased risk for the development of coronary artery disease?

A patient with a blood pressure of 170/110 is prescribed an ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitor. The nurse stresses the need to take his ACE inhibitor as prescribed to prevent which complication associated with the long-term effects of hypertension?

A patient, newly diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), wants to know the etiology of his illness. Which statement by the nurse reflects knowledge of the pathophysiology of this disease?

A patient is admitted to the emergency department with left-sided chest trauma. Which statement best identifies why the formation of a tension pneumothorax can result in a life-threatening condition for this patient?