You can recognize Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) based on which symptoms?

Shortness of breath and need for oxygen supplementation

Tachycardia and hypotension

Decreased alertness and slurred speech

Diminished pulses and pain with walking or exercise

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Shortness of breath and need for oxygen supplementation: These symptoms are more indicative of respiratory or cardiac conditions rather than Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). While patients with PAD may experience discomfort during exertion, shortness of breath is not a primary symptom associated with PAD.

B. Tachycardia and hypotension: Tachycardia and hypotension are generally signs of acute distress, shock, or severe cardiovascular issues. These symptoms do not specifically indicate PAD, which is characterized by issues related to blood flow in the peripheral arteries.

C. Decreased alertness and slurred speech: These symptoms suggest possible neurological issues, such as a stroke or transient ischemic attack, rather than PAD. PAD primarily affects blood flow to the extremities and does not typically present with neurological symptoms.

D. Diminished pulses and pain with walking or exercise: Diminished pulses in the legs and claudication, or pain with walking or exercise, are classic symptoms of Peripheral Artery Disease. These symptoms occur due to reduced blood flow to the muscles in the legs, particularly during physical activity, and are indicative of arterial blockages.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Vernelli's triad; Venous stasis; Hypercoagulable states; Venous intimal damage: Vernelli's triad is not a recognized term in thrombus formation. Venous stasis, hypercoagulable states, and venous intimal damage are relevant factors, but the correct terminology is Virchow's triad.

B. Vernelli's triad: Hyperlipidemia; hypercoagulable states, venous stasis: This option inaccurately references Vernelli's triad and includes hyperlipidemia, which is not one of the classic factors associated with thrombus formation. The correct factors should be named according to Virchow's triad.

C. Virchow's triad; Hyperlipidemia, Hypercoagulable states, positive D-dimer: Although Virchow's triad is correctly identified, hyperlipidemia and positive D-dimer are not part of the classic factors involved in thrombus formation. The classic factors are venous stasis, hypercoagulable states, and venous intimal damage.

D. Virchow triad; Venous stasis; Venous intimal damage; Hypercoagulable states: This option accurately identifies Virchow's triad and lists the three key factors involved in thrombus formation: venous stasis, venous intimal damage, and hypercoagulable states.

A. Deep vein thrombosis B. Endocarditis C. Left heart failure D. Valvular disease

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Deep vein thrombosis: Patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) are at a significantly higher risk for developing pulmonary embolism (PE) due to the potential for thrombus formation in the veins to dislodge and travel to the lungs. Assessing this patient as a priority is crucial, as timely intervention can prevent the development of PE.

B. Endocarditis: While endocarditis can lead to embolic events, it typically results in systemic emboli rather than specifically causing pulmonary embolism. The immediate priority for PE assessment is lower in patients with endocarditis compared to those with DVT.

C. Left heart failure: Left heart failure can lead to pulmonary congestion and respiratory symptoms but does not directly indicate a high risk of pulmonary embolism. While it is important to monitor these patients, assessing for PE is not the immediate priority.

D. Valvular disease: Valvular disease can increase the risk of thrombus formation, particularly if it results in atrial fibrillation. However, the direct connection to pulmonary embolism is not as pronounced as in patients with DVT. Therefore, assessing patients with valvular disease for PE is not the priority compared to those with DVT.

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You can recognize Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) based on which symptoms?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

There are three key factors involved in the formation of a thrombus. What are these factors and what are they called?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Primary hypertension:

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