Your aunt told you that she is happy that her kidneys are working well because she has a significant amount of protein in her urine. What would you tell her?
Identification of a significant amount of protein in your urine is an abnormal finding which requires further clinical assessment.
It will resolve itself.
Drink 1-2 liters of water per day.
It is nothing to be worried about.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Identification of a significant amount of protein in the urine (proteinuria) is an abnormal finding that can indicate underlying kidney problems. Proteinuria can be a sign of kidney disease, as the kidneys normally prevent large amounts of protein from entering the urine. When protein is detected in the urine, it suggests that the kidneys' filtering mechanism may be damaged. This condition requires further clinical assessment to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.
Choice B reason: It is incorrect to assume that proteinuria will resolve itself without intervention. While some causes of proteinuria, such as temporary increases due to fever or intense physical activity, may be benign and resolve on their own, persistent or significant proteinuria is often indicative of a more serious underlying condition. Ignoring the presence of protein in the urine without further investigation could lead to worsening kidney function or other complications.
Choice C reason: While staying hydrated by drinking 1-2 liters of water per day is generally good advice for overall health, it is not a specific solution for proteinuria. Proper hydration can help maintain kidney function, but it does not address the underlying cause of protein in the urine. Clinical assessment and targeted treatment are necessary to manage proteinuria effectively.
Choice D reason: Dismissing proteinuria as nothing to be worried about is not appropriate. Significant protein in the urine is a clinical finding that warrants further investigation. It could be a sign of kidney disease, diabetes, hypertension, or other health issues that require medical attention. Early diagnosis and management are crucial to prevent potential complications and preserve kidney health.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: While protein metabolism can be affected in diabetes, excess protein in the blood is not the primary mechanism increasing infection risk. Pathogens generally thrive more in high-glucose environments rather than high-protein conditions.
Choice B reason: Excess glucose in the blood creates an optimal environment for many pathogens to proliferate rapidly. High blood sugar levels weaken the immune system by impairing the function of white blood cells, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. This is particularly significant in the microvascular and macrovascular systems where the blood vessels can become damaged, further compromising immune response.
Choice C reason: Diabetic individuals do not necessarily produce fewer white blood cells. However, the functionality of these cells can be impaired by hyperglycemia, reducing their ability to fight off infections effectively.
Choice D reason: While high levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) indicate poor blood sugar control over a long period, the destruction of white blood cells is not the primary reason for increased infection risk. The issue lies more with the impaired function of white blood cells and the conducive environment that excess glucose provides for pathogens.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fever is not typically the first clinical manifestation in tumors of the breast, testicle, or lymph nodes. Fever is generally more associated with infections or systemic illnesses. In the context of cancer, fever might occur in later stages due to the body's response to the tumor or secondary infections.
Choice B reason: Swelling, while it can be a symptom, is not necessarily the first clinical manifestation. Swelling can occur due to a variety of reasons, including infection, trauma, or other non-cancerous conditions. In tumors, swelling may occur as the mass grows and affects surrounding tissues, but it is not the most immediate or obvious sign.
Choice C reason: Pain is also not usually the first symptom to appear in tumors of the breast, testicle, or lymph nodes. Pain often occurs later as the tumor grows and starts pressing on nerves or other structures. Early stages of tumors are often painless, which is why they can go unnoticed for some time.
Choice D reason: The first and most common clinical manifestation of tumors in these areas is a palpable mass. This means a lump or mass that can be felt through the skin. This is particularly true for breast, testicular, and lymph node cancers. Early detection often involves physical examinations to feel for any unusual lumps.
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