Step 1: Calculate the volume of potassium chloride to administer.

(30 mEq ÷ 20 mEq) × 15 mL = 22.5 mL

The nurse should administer 22.5 mL of potassium chloride.

Choice A rationale

Ambulation is crucial in preventing thrombophlebitis as it promotes blood circulation and prevents blood stasis, which can lead to clot formation.

Choice B rationale

Warm, moist soaks can provide comfort but do not significantly contribute to preventing thrombophlebitis.

Choice C rationale

Bed rest increases the risk of thrombophlebitis due to decreased circulation and blood stasis.

Choice D rationale

Placing pillows under the knees can impede blood flow and increase the risk of clot formation.

Choice A rationale

Topical creams can help soothe and promote healing of the episiotomy or laceration site.

Choice B rationale

Sitz baths are effective in reducing pain and promoting healing by increasing blood flow to the perineal area.

Choice C rationale

Ice packs help reduce swelling and provide pain relief in the initial 24 hours post-delivery.

Choice D rationale

Tocolytics are not indicated for episiotomy or laceration care as they are used to suppress preterm labor.

Choice E rationale

Doing nothing is not appropriate as it does not address the pain or promote healing.

Choice A rationale

Sore nipples with cracks and fissures can indicate an infection or improper breastfeeding technique, requiring medical attention.

Choice B rationale

Scant nonodorous white vaginal discharge is normal postpartum and does not require contacting the provider.

Choice C rationale

Uterine cramping during breastfeeding is a normal physiological response due to oxytocin release.

Choice D rationale

Decreased response with sexual activity can be normal postpartum and does not necessarily require immediate medical attention.

Choice C rationale

Massaging the fundus helps the uterus contract and can reduce bleeding, which is crucial in managing postpartum hemorrhage.

Choice A rationale

Checking blood pressure is important but not the first action to control bleeding.

Choice B rationale

Observing the client is necessary but not the immediate action to control bleeding.

Choice D rationale

Administering oxytocin is important but should follow fundal massage to ensure the uterus is contracting.

Choice C rationale

Checking the fundus helps determine if the uterus is contracting properly, which is essential in managing postpartum bleeding.

Choice A rationale

Measuring vital signs is important but not the first action to control bleeding.

Choice B rationale

Requesting a vaginal examination is necessary but not the immediate action to control bleeding.

Choice D rationale

Feeling for a full bladder is important but not the first action to control bleeding.

Choice A rationale

Massaging the area is not recommended as it can dislodge a clot and cause it to travel to the lungs, leading to a pulmonary embolism. This can be life-threatening and should be avoided.

Choice B rationale

Elevating the leg helps to reduce swelling and pain by promoting venous return. This is a standard intervention for managing symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and helps prevent further complications.

Choice C rationale

Applying cold compresses is not effective for DVT. Cold compresses are generally used to reduce inflammation and pain in acute injuries, but they do not address the underlying issue of a blood clot.

Choice D rationale

Flexing the knee while resting can increase the risk of clot dislodgement and is not recommended. Keeping the leg straight and elevated is a safer approach to managing DVT symptoms.

Choice A rationale

A cervical or perineal laceration would typically result in continuous bleeding rather than a gush that stops. The uterus would also not be firm and midline if there were a significant laceration.

Choice B rationale

Abnormally excessive lochia rubra flow would be continuous and not stop after a gush. The uterus being firm and midline indicates that the bleeding is not excessive.

Choice C rationale

A normal postural discharge of lochia occurs when pooled blood in the vagina is expelled upon standing or changing position. This is common and expected in the postpartum period.

Choice D rationale

A vaginal hematoma would present with localized pain and swelling, and the bleeding would not stop suddenly. The uterus being firm and midline also indicates that a hematoma is unlikely.

Choice A rationale

Staying home until one week after delivery is not a specific intervention for postpartum depression. Social support and monitoring are more effective strategies.

Choice B rationale

While adequate rest is important, advising to sleep as much as possible is not a targeted intervention for postpartum depression. Structured support and counseling are more beneficial.

Choice C rationale

Returning to work two weeks after delivery is not advisable for someone with a history of postpartum depression. Early return to work can increase stress and exacerbate symptoms.

Choice D rationale

Contacting a crisis counselor once a week provides structured support and monitoring, which is crucial for managing postpartum depression. Regular counseling helps in early identification and management of symptoms.

Choice A rationale

It is incorrect to say that birth control is not needed for at least six months. Ovulation can occur much sooner, and contraception should be discussed early.

Choice B rationale

Most people do not need birth control for three months is also incorrect. Ovulation can resume as early as three weeks postpartum.

Choice C rationale

Ovulation can occur within 27 days postpartum, making it important to discuss contraception early to prevent unintended pregnancies.

Choice D rationale

Agreeing with the statement is incorrect and can lead to misinformation. It is important to provide accurate information about postpartum ovulation and contraception.