A. "An individual must qualify for disability insurance under Medicare." This is incorrect as Medicare coverage for hospice care does not depend on disability insurance; it is based on the diagnosis and eligibility for hospice care.
B. "The cost of the home hospice care does involve a copay with Medicare." This is incorrect because Medicare generally covers hospice care with minimal costs, including no copay for hospice care itself, though there may be small charges for some items or services.
C. "The cost of the home hospice care is covered under Medicare Part A." This is correct. Medicare Part A covers hospice care if the client meets eligibility requirements for terminal illness and hospice care.
D. "An individual must have supplemental insurance along with Medicare." This is incorrect as Medicare Part A provides coverage for hospice care, and supplemental insurance is not required for this specific coverage.

A. "Provide snapshots of all disease processes for clients." This does not specifically address health disparities or strategies to reduce them.
B. "Include efforts to gather incorporate historical data on clients." While important, this action does not directly relate to reducing health disparities as specified by Healthy People 2030.
C. "Form workplace collaborations with clients." While collaboration is valuable, this action does not specifically focus on reducing health disparities.
D. "Consider the literacy level of clients using evidence-based interventions and strategies." This is correct. Healthy People 2030 emphasizes the importance of considering literacy levels and using evidence-based strategies to address and reduce health disparities effectively.

A. "A general systems approach that considers the multiple components, such as socioeconomics, environmental and cultural aspects of community." This is correct. The social ecological model takes into account various levels of influence, including individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors, to address health issues comprehensively.
B. "An experimental approach that considers the various community characteristics to compare individuals in different settings." This is incorrect. The social ecological model is not experimental; it is more focused on understanding the interplay between different levels of influence.
C. "A long-term cohort approach that is used to document the health of a community over many years in terms of community characteristics." This is incorrect. The social ecological model does not specifically involve long-term cohort studies but rather a multi-level approach to understanding health impacts.
D. "A hierarchical approach that focuses on the ability of the population in the community to implement successful health promotion activities." This is incorrect. The social ecological model does not follow a hierarchical approach but rather considers various levels of influence simultaneously.

A. "Medicaid benefits are the same for everyone in the United States." This is incorrect. Medicaid benefits can vary by state, as each state administers its own Medicaid program within federal guidelines.
B. "Medicaid is a federal-run health insurance program." This is incorrect. Medicaid is a joint federal-state program, meaning it is administered at the state level with federal guidelines.
C. "My income level does not impact whether or not I can receive Medicaid." This is incorrect. Income level is a key factor in determining Medicaid eligibility, though the specific thresholds vary by state.
D. "When my baby is born, they can receive Medicaid as well." This is correct. Medicaid often extends coverage to newborns if the mother is eligible, providing medical insurance for the infant as well.

A. "Health disparities can easily result in health inequities that disadvantage certain populations." This is correct. Health disparities contribute to health inequities, meaning that certain populations may experience worse health outcomes due to social, economic, and environmental disadvantages.
B. "Health disparities must be resolved prior to receiving any third-party insurance payments." This is incorrect. Addressing health disparities is not a precondition for insurance payments; rather, it is an ongoing concern for improving health outcomes across different populations.
C. "Identification of health disparities requires major research to determine actions to correct them." This is incorrect. While research is important, identifying health disparities does not necessarily require extensive research; it involves recognizing differences in health outcomes and access to care that can be addressed through targeted interventions.
D. "Federal legislation requires the reduction and eventual elimination of health disparities." This is incorrect. While there are federal initiatives to address health disparities, there is no specific legislation that mandates their elimination; rather, there are guidelines and programs aimed at reducing them.

A. "You don't need to worry about the client as this is a normal sign of dying." This is not appropriate. While loss of appetite can be a normal part of the dying process, the family may need support and reassurance.
B. “This can often lead to a sense of peacefulness for the client.” This is appropriate. Refusal to eat can be a natural part of the end-of-life process, and it can help the client achieve comfort and a sense of peace.
C. "Let's try to plan a schedule for giving the client high-calorie liquids." This is not appropriate. Forcing or scheduling feeding can be counterproductive and may not align with the client's comfort or preferences at the end of life.
D. “I can get a prescription for a feeding tube if you think this would be okay with the client.” This is not appropriate. At the end of life, a feeding tube may not be in the client's best interest and may not contribute to their comfort. It is important to focus on palliative care rather than invasive interventions.

A. "Apply clean gauze pads over the client's open eyes to prevent damage." This is appropriate. Closing the client's eyes and placing gauze pads over them helps to prevent drying and damage, maintaining a respectful appearance of the deceased.
B. "Place the dentures in a bag that is clearly marked with the client's name." This is incorrect. While it is important to handle personal items with respect, this option is less relevant to postmortem care compared to the other options.
C. "Remove the client's urinary catheter ensuring that the perineum is clean." This is incorrect. If the client is on home hospice care and has just died, it is generally not necessary to remove the urinary catheter unless specifically required by the hospice protocols.
D. "Secure the client's upper extremities by tying them together over the abdomen." This is incorrect and inappropriate. Tying extremities is not a standard practice and does not align with respectful postmortem care.

A. "A nurse explains the importance of medication adherence to a patient using visual aids and simplified language." This is more about education and communication rather than social learning.
B. "A nurse encourages a patient to join a support group where they can observe others coping with similar health challenges." This is correct. Social learning theory emphasizes learning through observation and interaction with others. Joining a support group allows the patient to observe and learn from the experiences of others.
C. "A nurse refers a patient to a physical therapist to learn exercises that promote mobility and strength." This is related to physical therapy and individual instruction rather than social learning.
D. "A nurse demonstrates wound care techniques to a patient and provides written instructions for future reference." This focuses on direct instruction rather than the observational learning component of social learning theory.

A. "Has a family caregiver that lives in the home." This is not a requirement for hospice care. While having a caregiver can be beneficial, it is not a criterion for qualifying for hospice.
B. "Is to continue to receive chemotherapy medications." This is incorrect. Hospice care is generally for individuals who are no longer seeking curative treatments, such as chemotherapy, and are instead focusing on comfort and quality of life.
C. "Has a terminal illness unresponsive to drug therapy." While a terminal illness is a criterion, the key point for hospice eligibility is the prognosis of life expectancy rather than the response to drug therapy alone.
D. "Is expected to live for less than six months." This is correct. Hospice care is intended for patients with a terminal illness who are expected to have a prognosis of six months or less if the illness follows its usual course.

A. "Physician and nursing staff." While the physician and nursing staff play a role in providing medical care and guidance, they are not responsible for making decisions about end-of-life care when the client cannot communicate their wishes.
B. "Physician and family." The physician can provide medical recommendations and guidance, but the family members are responsible for making decisions about end-of-life care when there is no advance directive.
C. "Spouse and adult children." This is correct. In the absence of an advance directive, the responsibility for making end-of-life decisions typically falls to the spouse and/or adult children, as they are usually considered the next of kin or legal decision-makers.
D. "Notary and attorney." Notaries and attorneys are not responsible for making medical decisions about end-of-life care. Their role is more related to legal documentation and advice.