A client diagnosed with glomerulonephritis is at risk for developing acute kidney injury. Which of the clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor for?

Decreased central venous pressure

Hypertension

Bradycardia

Decreased cardiac output

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Decreased central venous pressure is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. This condition often leads to fluid retention and increased pressure within the blood vessels.

Choice B reason: Hypertension is a common manifestation of glomerulonephritis due to fluid retention and impaired kidney function. The kidneys are unable to excrete excess fluid, leading to increased blood pressure.

Choice C reason: Bradycardia is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis. The condition primarily affects kidney function and fluid balance, rather than heart rate.

Choice D reason: Decreased cardiac output can occur in severe cases of acute kidney injury, but it is not a primary manifestation of glomerulonephritis. Monitoring blood pressure and fluid status is more critical in these patients.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Congestive heart failure can lead to prerenal injury due to decreased renal perfusion, but it is not a direct cause of intrarenal injury.

Choice B reason: Vancomycin is a nephrotoxic medication that can cause intrarenal injury. The drug can directly damage the renal tubules, leading to acute kidney injury.

Choice C reason: Glomerulonephritis involves inflammation of the glomeruli, which is a direct cause of intrarenal injury. This condition affects the kidney's filtering units, leading to impaired renal function.

Choice D reason: Bladder cancer is more associated with postrenal injury due to obstruction of urine flow, rather than intrarenal injury.

Choice E reason: A traumatic injury directly onto the kidney can cause damage to the renal tissue, leading to intrarenal injury. This type of injury affects the kidney itself and can result in acute kidney injury.

A. Pyridostigmine B. Flumazenil C. Acetylcholine D. Atropine

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Pyridostigmine is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, but it is not used as an antidote for edrophonium overdose. Pyridostigmine helps improve muscle strength by increasing the amount of acetylcholine available at the neuromuscular junction.

Choice B reason: Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose and has no effect on edrophonium. It works by competitively inhibiting the actions of benzodiazepines on the GABA receptor.

Choice C reason: Acetylcholine itself is not used as an antidote for edrophonium overdose. Administering acetylcholine would not counteract the effects of excessive acetylcholinesterase inhibition caused by edrophonium.

Choice D reason: Atropine is the correct antidote for edrophonium overdose. Atropine is an anticholinergic drug that can counteract the excessive accumulation of acetylcholine caused by edrophonium, thereby alleviating symptoms such as bradycardia and muscle weakness.

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A client diagnosed with glomerulonephritis is at risk for developing acute kidney injury. Which of the clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor for?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse realizes that which clients are at risk for intra-renal injury? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A client admitted to the hospital with suspected myasthenic crisis was prescribed edrophonium (Tensilon). The nurse misread the dosage and administered a higher dose than prescribed. The doctor has ordered an antidote to be given. What medication does the nurse anticipate administering?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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