A client is admitted with a threatened abortion. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

Passage of fetal tissue

Bright red vaginal bleeding

Severe cramping and pelvic pain

Closed cervix upon examination

Mild to moderate lower abdominal cramping

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

A. Passage of fetal tissue – This finding is more consistent with an incomplete or complete abortion, not a threatened abortion.

B. Bright red vaginal bleeding – A threatened abortion involves vaginal bleeding during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, often bright red in color. The cervix remains closed, and fetal cardiac activity may still be present.

C. Severe cramping and pelvic pain – Severe pain is more typical of an inevitable or incomplete abortion rather than a threatened abortion.

D. Closed cervix upon examination – In a threatened abortion, the cervix remains closed. If the cervix opens, the risk of progressing to an inevitable abortion increases.

E. Mild to moderate lower abdominal cramping – Mild cramping or lower abdominal discomfort is common in a threatened abortion due to uterine contractions. However, severe cramping and passage of fetal tissue would indicate a more advanced pregnancy loss.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Fetal movement felt by provider
This is correct because fetal movement confirmed by a healthcare provider is a positive sign of pregnancy, as it directly confirms fetal presence.

B. Positive pregnancy test
This is incorrect because a positive pregnancy test is a probable sign, not a positive sign. It detects hCG, which can also be produced in conditions like gestational trophoblastic disease (molar pregnancy).

C. Hegar’s sign
This is incorrect because Hegar’s sign (softening of the lower uterus) is a probable sign, not a positive sign, as it can occur due to other physiological changes.

D. Breast tenderness and nausea
This is incorrect because breast tenderness and nausea are presumptive signs of pregnancy, meaning they are subjective symptoms that could be caused by other conditions (e.g., PMS, stress, illness).

A. Swelling and redness in one breast, accompanied by flu-like symptoms B. A white patch on a nipple C. Symmetrical breast swelling with a sudden increase in milk production D. Bilateral breast tenderness and engorgement with no fever

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Swelling and redness in one breast, accompanied by flu-like symptoms."
Mastitis is a bacterial infection in breastfeeding mothers, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It presents with unilateral breast pain, erythema, swelling, fever, and flu-like symptoms.

B. "A white patch on a nipple."
A white patch on the nipple may indicate a blocked milk duct or thrush (Candida infection), not mastitis.

C. "Symmetrical breast swelling with a sudden increase in milk production."
Engorgement occurs when the breasts overfill with milk, leading to bilateral swelling, tenderness, and firmness, but no systemic signs of infection like fever or flu-like symptoms.

D. "Bilateral breast tenderness and engorgement with no fever."
Normal breast engorgement can cause discomfort, but mastitis typically affects one breast and causes fever and systemic symptoms.

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A client is admitted with a threatened abortion. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect? Select all that apply. (Select All that Apply.)

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