A client is receiving antiretroviral therapy.
Which adverse reactions would the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?

Choice A rationale:

Antihypertensive therapy. Rationale: Antihypertensive medications are used to manage high blood pressure. While they may have some side effects, they do not significantly increase the risk of candidal infections. Candidal infections are primarily caused by an overgrowth of Candida, a type of yeast, and are often associated with factors that disrupt the body's normal microbial balance. Antihypertensive drugs do not directly affect the body's susceptibility to candidal infections.

Choice B rationale:

Antibiotics. Rationale: Antibiotics are known to disrupt the normal microbial balance in the body, including the balance of bacteria and yeast. This disruption can lead to an overgrowth of Candida and an increased risk of candidal infections. Antibiotics kill not only harmful bacteria but also beneficial bacteria that help keep Candida in check. This imbalance can result in candidal overgrowth, causing infections such as oral thrush or vaginal yeast infections.

Choice C rationale:

BetaBlockers. Rationale: Beta-blockers are a class of medications commonly used to treat conditions like hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias. They work by blocking the effects of adrenaline, primarily on the heart. While beta-blockers have various side effects, including potential impacts on blood sugar and lipid levels, they do not significantly increase the risk of candidal infections. Candidal infections are more closely associated with medications that disrupt the microbial balance in the body.

Choice D rationale:

Diuretics. Rationale: Diuretics are medications that promote diuresis or increased urine production. They are used to manage conditions such as hypertension, heart failure, and edema. Diuretics primarily affect fluid balance in the body and do not directly increase the risk of candidal infections. While diuretics may lead to electrolyte imbalances, they are not associated with candidal overgrowth. Candidal infections are more often linked to antibiotics or immunosuppressive medications.

Choice A rationale:

Antihelminthic therapy does not need to be administered cautiously in clients who have cardiac disease unless there are specific contraindications or drug interactions that would necessitate caution. The primary concern in these cases would be ensuring that the chosen antihelminthic drug does not interact adversely with the medications used to manage the client's cardiac condition.

Choice B rationale:

Antihelminthic therapy should be administered cautiously in clients with hepatic impairment. The liver plays a significant role in drug metabolism and elimination. Clients with hepatic impairment may have altered drug metabolism, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of antihelminthic drugs. Therefore, caution is needed to adjust the dosing and monitor for potential side effects in clients with compromised liver function.

Choice C rationale:

Clients with diabetes do not typically require cautious administration of antihelminthic therapy solely due to their diabetes. However, it is essential to consider potential drug interactions with antidiabetic medications that the client may be taking. The primary concern would be ensuring that the antihelminthic drug does not interfere with diabetes management.

Choice D rationale:

Clients with respiratory disorders do not necessarily require cautious administration of antihelminthic therapy based solely on their respiratory condition. However, it is crucial to consider potential drug interactions with medications used to manage the respiratory disorder. Antihelminthic drugs are primarily targeted at parasitic infections and may not directly impact respiratory conditions.