A client is undergoing preoperative education before hernia repair surgery. The client asks the nurse about the risk of complications during and after the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is accurate?

Choice A reason:

This statement is correct. Hernias occur when an organ, such as the intestine or abdominal tissue, protrudes through a weakened area in the muscle or connective tissue.

Choice B reason:

This statement is correct. Heavy lifting, straining during bowel movements, or activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure can contribute to the development of hernias.

Choice C reason:

This statement is incorrect and indicates a need for further teaching. Not all hernias are visible as bulging lumps under the skin. Some hernias may not be externally noticeable and are diagnosed through imaging studies.

Choice D reason:

This statement is correct. Surgery is often the primary treatment for most types of hernias to repair the weakened area and prevent complications.

Choice A reason:

Surgery is not the only option for managing a small reducible hernia. Some clients may choose conservative management or the use of a hernia belt if surgery is not immediately necessary or feasible.

Choice B reason:

This statement is correct. Clients with small reducible hernias may choose between surgical repair or using a hernia belt to provide support and reduce symptoms. The choice depends on the client's preference, overall health, and the severity of the hernia.

Choice C reason:

Conservative management with lifestyle modifications alone is not typically sufficient for managing a hernia. Surgical intervention or the use of a hernia belt may be necessary for symptom relief and to prevent complications.

Choice D reason:

Applying a warm compress is not a standard treatment for managing hernias. It may provide temporary relief for discomfort but does not address the underlying issue.