A client who recently returned from international travel presents to the clinic with high fever, chills, headache, and muscular aches. The healthcare provider suspects severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). To prevent transmission of the virus to others, which instruction is most important for the nurse to provide?

Wear a N95 respirator mask during direct contact with others.

Cover mouth and turn head when coughing

Use meticulous hand washing technique.

Discard all tissues used during coughing in a biohazard bag.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Wear a N95 respirator mask during direct contact with others:
SARS is a viral respiratory illness that spreads via respiratory droplets, and an N95 respirator mask is specifically designed to filter out airborne particles, including those that could carry the SARS virus. Wearing an N95 respirator is critical for preventing the transmission of SARS to others, especially in healthcare settings or close contact situations.

B. Cover mouth and turn head when coughing:
Covering the mouth and turning the head helps reduce the spread of droplets, but it is not sufficient to prevent transmission of airborne viruses like SARS. For effective prevention, especially in a healthcare setting, more stringent measures like using N95 respirators are required.

C. Use meticulous hand washing technique:
Hand washing is crucial for preventing the spread of many infections, but it does not directly address the airborne transmission of viruses like SARS. While it complements other infection control measures, it is not the primary method for preventing SARS transmission.

D. Discard all tissues used during coughing in a biohazard bag:
Proper disposal of tissues is important for infection control, but it alone does not prevent the airborne spread of SARS. This measure is part of broader infection control practices but is less effective in preventing transmission compared to the use of N95 respirators.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Characteristics of families in the upper-middle class:
Understanding the characteristics of families in a specific income bracket can provide useful context, but it does not directly address the distribution of income within the community. The focus should be on the entire income range and how it affects the community's needs.

B. The reliability of such a high average family income:
While it's important to consider the accuracy of data, this question is more about how the range and distribution of income affect the community. The reliability of the data is less relevant than understanding the income distribution.

C. The frequency of incomes above and below the average:
Assessing the frequency of incomes above and below the average provides a better understanding of income distribution within the community. This information helps identify socioeconomic disparities and guide targeted interventions or resources needed for different income groups.

D. Interventions focused on college-educated individuals:
Focusing on college-educated individuals may be relevant in some contexts, but it does not address the broader issue of income distribution. Understanding the frequency of different income levels is more directly related to addressing the needs of the community based on their income range.

A. Greens and beans. B. Meats and sweets. C. Fish on a dish. D. Berries or cherries.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Greens and beans:
While greens and beans are generally considered healthy foods, they are not the types of foods that should be limited in a Mediterranean-based diet. This option does not accurately reflect foods that should be restricted for heart health.

B) Meats and sweets:
This selection correctly identifies foods that should be limited in a Mediterranean-based eating approach. The Mediterranean diet emphasizes a lower intake of red meats and sweets, favoring healthier fats, whole grains, and vegetables. Thus, "meats and sweets" accurately represents the types of foods that should be consumed in moderation.

C) Fish on a dish:
Fish is a key component of the Mediterranean diet and is typically encouraged rather than limited. This option does not align with the goal of identifying foods to limit.

D) Berries or cherries:
Berries and cherries are nutrient-dense fruits that are encouraged in a Mediterranean-based diet rather than limited. This choice does not reflect the foods that should be restricted.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The community health nurse determines that the average family income of a certain community is $67,000 per year with a range of $27,000 to $102,000. Based on this demographic information, which additional information is important for the nurse to assess?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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