A client with chronic cirrhosis has esophageal varices. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the client for the onset of which problem?

Hematemesis

Brown, foarmy urine.

Clay-colored stool.

Anorexia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A Hematemesis refers to vomiting blood, which can occur when esophageal varices rupture and bleed into the gastrointestinal tract. It is a hallmark sign of upper gastrointestinal bleeding and requires immediate medical attention. Monitoring for hematemesis allows for early detection of variceal bleeding and prompt intervention to prevent further complications.

B Brown, foamy urine may indicate the presence of blood or protein in the urine, which can occur in various kidney and urinary tract disorders.

C Clay-colored stool may indicate a lack of bile in the stool, which can occur in conditions affecting the liver or bile ducts, such as obstructive jaundice.

D Anorexia, or loss of appetite, is a common symptom in clients with chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis. However, while anorexia may impact nutritional status and overall health, it is not directly related to the complications of esophageal varices.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Refer the client to the healthcare provider at the clinic to obtain a medication prescription is appropriate because it acknowledges the client's interest in taking oseltamivir to treat their influenza symptoms.
B. Advising the client that once symptoms occur it is too late to receive an influenza vaccination is not relevant to the client's question about taking oseltamivir to treat their existing influenza symptoms. It addresses the timing of influenza vaccination, which is typically recommended before the onset of flu season or at the beginning of flu season, rather than during an active infection.
C. Instructing the client that over-the-counter medications are sufficient to manage influenza symptoms is not accurate because while over-the-counter medications can help relieve some influenza symptoms such as fever, cough, and congestion, they do not directly treat the underlying viral infection.
D. Explaining to the client that antibiotics are not useful in treating viral infections such as influenza is true but does not address the client's specific question about taking oseltamivir to treat their influenza symptoms.

A. Measure oxygen saturation. B. Assess body temperature. C. Auscultate bowel sounds. D. Check serum creatinine.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Vancomycin is primarily excreted by the kidneys, and monitoring serum creatinine levels helps assess renal function. Impaired renal function can affect vancomycin clearance and increase the risk of toxicity.

A. Measuring oxygen saturation is not directly related to the administration of vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection.

B. Assessing body temperature may not be the most pertinent action before administering vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection.

C. Auscultating bowel sounds is also not directly related to the administration of vancomycin for Clostridium difficile infection.

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A client with chronic cirrhosis has esophageal varices. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the client for the onset of which problem?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with symptoms of influenza that started the previous day asks the clinic nurse about taking oseltamivir to treat the infection. Which response should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client with Clostridium difficile in the stool receives a prescription for vancomycin PO. Which action should the nurse take before administering the first dose?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

A client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease asks the nurse about dietary restrictions. How should the nurse respond?

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A client with chronic cirrhosis has esophageal varices. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the client for the onset of which problem?

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