A client with gastroenteritis says, "I can't stop going to the bathroom, and my stool is watery." What is the appropriate nursing response?
"It seems like you might have a bacterial infection causing your symptoms.”
"Your symptoms could be due to a parasitic infection from contaminated water or food.”
"You might be experiencing viral gastroenteritis, which is highly contagious.”
"It is possible that your symptoms are related to an inflammatory process in your intestine.”
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
This response jumps to a bacterial infection without considering other possibilities.
Choice B rationale:
While parasitic infections can cause similar symptoms, the focus should be on the most likely scenario first.
Choice C rationale:
This response addresses the most probable cause – viral gastroenteritis, which is indeed highly contagious.
Choice D rationale:
Intestinal inflammation is a possibility, but it doesn't address the contagious nature of the symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Salmonella and Campylobacter are known to cause bacterial gastroenteritis, but they typically do not produce enterotoxins that specifically cause watery diarrhea. Instead, they often cause more inflammatory types of diarrhea.
Choice B rationale:
Shigella and Yersinia can also cause bacterial gastroenteritis, but their mechanisms of causing diarrhea are different from enterotoxin production. Shigella is known to cause bloody diarrhea, while Yersinia can lead to abdominal pain and fever.
Choice C rationale:
Vibrio cholerae produces the cholera toxin, which leads to watery diarrhea by increasing chloride secretion and inhibiting sodium absorption in the intestines. Clostridium perfringens can produce enterotoxins that lead to watery diarrhea and abdominal cramps.
Choice D rationale:
While E. coli can cause gastroenteritis, it usually produces Shiga toxins that lead to bloody diarrhea (as seen in E. coli O157:H7), or it may cause inflammation and not typically result in watery diarrhea. C. difficile is known for causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis, but it's not primarily associated with watery diarrhea.
Correct Answer is E
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Sharing contaminated food and drinks is not the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis
B. Hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids, such as during childbirth, through sexual contact, or sharing of needles.
Choice B rationale:
Casual contact with an infected person is not the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis
B. Close and direct contact with infected blood or bodily fluids is necessary for transmission.
Choice C rationale:
Sharing personal belongings like towels and razors can potentially transmit hepatitis B if there is exposure to infected blood, but it is not the primary mode of transmission.
Choice D rationale:
Sexual contact with an infected person is a mode of transmission for hepatitis B, but it is not the primary mode. The virus is present in blood and bodily fluids and can be transmitted through various routes.
Choice E rationale:
Contact with infected blood or bodily fluids is the correct answer. Hepatitis B is most commonly transmitted through direct contact with infected blood, as well as other bodily fluids such as semen and vaginal secretions. This mode of transmission is especially relevant in situations such as unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to child during childbirth.
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