A developmental challenge in old age is to:
develop close relationships with other people; to learn and experience love.
establish trusting relationships with other people.
find a vocation or hobby where the individual can help others or in some way con-tribute to society.
review life and gain a feeling of accomplishment or fulfillment
The Correct Answer is D
A. Develop close relationships with other people; to learn and experience love
This is associated with young adulthood (Erikson’s stage of Intimacy vs. Isolation), not old age.
B. Establish trusting relationships with other people
This occurs in infancy (Erikson’s stage of Trust vs. Mistrust), not in older adulthood.
C. Find a vocation or hobby where the individual can help others or in some way contribute to society
This is part of middle adulthood (Erikson’s stage of Generativity vs. Stagnation), not late adulthood.
D. Review life and gain a feeling of accomplishment or fulfillment
According to Erikson’s developmental theory, the key task of older adulthood is Ego Integrity vs. Despair, which involves life review and achieving a sense of fulfillment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Slower gastric emptying of fluid
This affects digestion, not necessarily bowel motility or stool formation. It is not the primary factor in constipation.
B. Decreased hydrochloric acid
This may impair digestion but is not directly responsible for constipation.
C. Abdominal bloating
Bloating is more of a symptom than a cause. It may occur after constipation develops.
D. Lack of dietary fiber
Older adults often consume less fiber, which is crucial for stool bulk and regular bowel movements. Low fiber intake is a leading contributor to constipation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Glaucoma
In glaucoma, peripheral vision is lost first, so people look straight ahead and miss things to the side. Not consistent with looking out of the corner of the eyes.
B. Cataracts
Cataracts cause overall blurry vision, not central vision loss. People may complain of glare or faded colors.
C. Macular degeneration
Involves loss of central vision, leading the person to use peripheral vision (look from the corner of the eye) and hold objects very close.
D. Presbyopia
Affects the ability to focus on near objects, common with aging, but does not cause the person to use peripheral vision.
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