A female patient taking an ACE inhibitor learns that she is pregnant. What will the nurse tell this patient?

The fetus must be monitored closely while the patient is taking this drug.

The patient’s prescriber probably will change her medication to an ARB.

The patient should stop taking the medication and contact her provider immediately.

Assuming continue the medication with dose adjustment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: ACE inhibitors are teratogenic, risking fetal harm, so monitoring while continuing is unsafe. Stopping the drug is critical, making this incorrect for safe pregnancy management.

Choice B reason: ARBs are also contraindicated in pregnancy due to similar teratogenic risks. Switching to an ARB is not safe, so this is incorrect compared to stopping the medication.

Choice C reason: ACE inhibitors can cause fetal abnormalities, so the patient must stop the medication and contact her provider immediately for safer alternatives. This is the correct action.

Choice D reason: Continuing ACE inhibitors, even adjusted, is dangerous in pregnancy due to teratogenicity. Immediate cessation and provider consultation are required, making this incorrect.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Drugs with toxic side effects, like chemotherapy agents, can affect multiple organs (e.g., liver, kidneys, heart). Monitoring organ function through lab tests (e.g., LFTs, creatinine) detects early toxicity, allowing timely intervention. Patient education on this ensures adherence and awareness, making this the most comprehensive and proactive approach.

Choice B reason: Ordering complete blood counts is relevant for drugs affecting bone marrow (e.g., chemotherapy), but it’s too narrow. Toxic drugs may impact other organs like the liver or kidneys, requiring broader monitoring (e.g., LFTs, renal panels). Focusing solely on blood counts misses other potential toxicities, making this choice incomplete.

Choice C reason: Discontinuing all medications is drastic and inappropriate without assessing the drug’s benefits versus risks. Many toxic drugs (e.g., methotrexate) are essential for treatment. Monitoring and managing side effects are preferred to maintain therapy efficacy while minimizing harm, making this choice clinically unsound.

Choice D reason: Waiting for symptoms before follow-up risks missing subclinical toxicity, as many drug-induced organ damages (e.g., hepatotoxicity) are asymptomatic initially. Proactive monitoring of organ function through lab tests is essential to detect issues early, making this reactive approach inadequate for managing drugs with known toxic effects.

A. Metabolic acidosis B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory acidosis D. Respiratory alkalosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Metabolic acidosis involves low pH (<7.35) and low HCO3- (<22 mEq/L). Here, pH is 7.48 (alkalotic) and HCO3- is 29 mEq/L (high), indicating alkalosis, not acidosis. PaCO2 (44 mm Hg) is normal, ruling out respiratory causes, making this choice incorrect.

Choice B reason: pH 7.48 (high), PaCO2 44 mm Hg (normal), and HCO3- 29 mEq/L (high) indicate metabolic alkalosis, likely from conditions like vomiting or diuretic use, increasing bicarbonate. No respiratory compensation (normal PaCO2) confirms uncompensated metabolic alkalosis, making this the correct choice.

Choice C reason: Respiratory acidosis requires high PaCO2 (>45 mm Hg) and low pH. Here, PaCO2 is 44 mm Hg (normal) and pH is 7.48 (alkalotic), with high HCO3-, pointing to a metabolic cause, not respiratory, making this choice incorrect for the ABG values.

Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis involves low PaCO2 (<35 mm Hg) and high pH. With PaCO2 at 44 mm Hg (normal) and high HCO3- (29 mEq/L), the alkalosis is metabolic, not respiratory. This choice doesn’t match the ABG profile, making it incorrect.

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A female patient taking an ACE inhibitor learns that she is pregnant. What will the nurse tell this patient?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is taking a drug that has known toxic side effects. What will the nurse do?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Name the imbalance using the following Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) values: pH 7.48, PaCO2 44, HCO3- 29

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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