A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and learns that it is a nonselective agonist. What does the nurse understand about this drug?
It directly activates receptors to affect a specific physiologic process.
It prevents receptor activation to affect a specific physiologic process.
It directly activates receptors to affect many physiologic processes.
It prevents receptor activation to affect many physiologic processes.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Nonselective agonists activate multiple receptors, not specific ones, leading to widespread effects. Specific processes are targeted by selective agonists, so this is incorrect for nonselective drugs.
Choice B reason: Nonselective agonists activate, not prevent, receptors. Prevention is the role of antagonists, so this is incorrect for a nonselective agonist’s mechanism of action.
Choice C reason: Nonselective agonists activate multiple receptor types, affecting many physiologic processes (e.g., epinephrine). This broad action is their hallmark, making it the correct choice for the drug’s effect.
Choice D reason: Preventing receptor activation describes antagonists, not agonists. Nonselective agonists stimulate multiple processes, so this is incorrect for the drug’s pharmacological action.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Allergic reactions typically present with symptoms like rash, itching, or anaphylaxis, not jaundice, dark urine, or light stools. These symptoms indicate hepatobiliary dysfunction, not an immune-mediated response. Allergic reactions don’t typically affect liver function or bile excretion, making this choice inconsistent with the patient’s clinical presentation.
Choice B reason: Idiosyncratic drug effects on bone marrow cause hematologic issues like anemia or leukopenia, not jaundice or light stools. These symptoms suggest liver dysfunction, as bile pigment changes cause dark urine and pale stools. Bone marrow effects don’t explain the hepatobiliary symptoms, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Iatrogenic skin disease might involve rashes or lesions, but jaundice, dark urine, and light stools point to liver or bile duct issues. These symptoms result from impaired bilirubin metabolism, not cutaneous pathology. This choice doesn’t align with the systemic hepatobiliary symptoms described, making it incorrect.
Choice D reason: Drug-induced liver toxicity, such as from acetaminophen or statins, impairs bilirubin metabolism, causing jaundice, dark urine (bilirubinuria), and light stools (reduced bile). Malaise, nausea, and vomiting reflect systemic effects of liver dysfunction. This matches the patient’s symptoms, making it the most likely diagnosis and correct choice.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Renal artery ligation stenosis is affected by beta-blockers’ renin reduction, but asthma’s bronchoconstriction risk is more immediate. Respiratory effects are critical, so this is incorrect.
Choice B reason: Nonselective beta-blockers can cause bronchospasm in asthma by blocking beta-2 receptors. This is a major concern, making it the correct disease to prioritize.
Choice C reason: Diabetes mellitus may mask hypoglycemia with beta-blockers, but asthma’s acute airway risk is more severe. Respiratory issues take precedence, so this is incorrect.
Choice D reason: Coronary artery disease benefits from beta-blockers’ cardiac effects. Asthma’s bronchoconstriction risk is more concerning, so this is incorrect for the primary concern.
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