What are considered the ‘Big Three’ properties of an ideal drug? (Select all that apply)

Selectivity

Safety

Effectiveness

Irreversible action

A recognizable trade name

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C

Choice A reason: Selectivity ensures a drug targets specific receptors, minimizing side effects. This is a key property of an ideal drug, making it a correct choice.

Choice B reason: Safety is critical, ensuring the drug causes minimal harm at therapeutic doses. This is a fundamental ideal drug property, so it is correct.

Choice C reason: Effectiveness ensures the drug achieves its intended therapeutic effect. This is essential for an ideal drug, making it a correct choice.

Choice D reason: Irreversible action is not ideal; reversible effects allow control and safety. The ‘Big Three’ focus on efficacy, safety, and selectivity, so this is incorrect.

Choice E reason: A trade name aids marketing but is not a pharmacological property. Effectiveness, safety, and selectivity are primary, so this is incorrect.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Nighttime awakenings more than twice weekly indicate step 2, requiring maintenance therapy. Step 1 uses albuterol as needed, so this is incorrect.

Choice B reason: Twice-daily glucocorticoids are for step 2 or higher, not step 1, where albuterol is used as needed. This is incorrect for step 1 management.

Choice C reason: LABAs are used in step 3 or higher, not step 1, where albuterol alone is sufficient as needed. This is incorrect for the asthma step.

Choice D reason: At step 1, albuterol is used as a rescue inhaler for acute asthma symptoms. This is the standard approach, making it the correct choice.

A. To abort an asthma attack B. Only in an emergency C. On a daily basis D. 2 weeks on, 2 weeks off

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Inhaled glucocorticoids, like budesonide, reduce airway inflammation over time but don’t act quickly enough to abort acute asthma attacks. Short-acting beta-agonists (e.g., albuterol) are used for acute relief, as glucocorticoids lack immediate bronchodilatory effects, making this choice incorrect for chronic asthma management.

Choice B reason: Using inhaled glucocorticoids only in emergencies is ineffective for chronic asthma. These drugs prevent inflammation and exacerbations through consistent use, not acute intervention. Emergency use is reserved for rescue inhalers like albuterol, making this choice inappropriate for long-term asthma control.

Choice C reason: Inhaled glucocorticoids require daily use to maintain anti-inflammatory effects, reducing airway hyperresponsiveness and preventing asthma exacerbations. Consistent dosing ensures steady suppression of chronic inflammation, improving lung function and reducing symptoms, making this the correct choice for managing chronic asthma effectively.

Choice D reason: A 2-week on/off schedule disrupts the consistent anti-inflammatory action of inhaled glucocorticoids needed for chronic asthma control. Intermittent use reduces efficacy, allowing inflammation to rebound, increasing exacerbation risk. Daily use is standard to maintain therapeutic benefits, making this choice incorrect.

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What are considered the ‘Big Three’ properties of an ideal drug? (Select all that apply)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Using a stepwise approach to managing asthma, a nurse teaches a patient who is at step 1 that their albuterol MDI (Proventil) is used:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

To achieve therapeutic effectiveness, a nurse teaches a patient with chronic asthma to use an inhaled glucocorticoid medication according to which schedule?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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