A nurse is assessing a client with leukemia and finds multiple ecchymoses (bruises) of varying sizes on the skin. The client mentions minimal trauma to the affected areas. What is the most likely cause of these ecchymoses?
Impaired bone density
Deficiency of clotting factors
Increased production of platelets
Elevated levels of red blood cells
The Correct Answer is B
A) This choice is incorrect because impaired bone density would not directly cause ecchymoses on the skin. It might lead to an increased risk of fractures, but not bruising.
B) This choice is correct. Ecchymoses (bruises) of varying sizes with minimal trauma are common in leukemia due to a deficiency of platelets and impaired clotting factors in the blood. Leukemia can lead to decreased platelet production and clotting abnormalities, resulting in easy bleeding and bruising.
C) This choice is incorrect because increased production of platelets would improve clotting abilities and reduce the risk of ecchymoses.
D) This choice is incorrect because elevated levels of red blood cells would not directly cause ecchymoses on the skin. It may lead to other symptoms like increased blood viscosity.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) usually lasts much longer than a few weeks. ALL treatment consists of several phases, and the overall duration can extend over several years.
B) This choice is correct. Treatment for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) typically involves multiple phases, including induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy. The induction phase aims to achieve remission, the consolidation phase aims to eliminate any remaining cancer cells, and the maintenance phase aims to prevent relapse and keep the leukemia in remission. Overall, the treatment can extend over several years, depending on the client's response to therapy and risk factors.
C) This choice is incorrect because it does not accurately reflect the standard treatment approach for ALL. Clients with ALL do not typically switch from chemotherapy to radiation therapy after a few days.
D) This choice is incorrect because ALL treatment typically involves multiple rounds of chemotherapy, not just a single round. The goal is to achieve long-term remission and prevent relapse, which requires a more comprehensive treatment approach over an extended period.
Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because peripheral neuropathy is more commonly associated with certain chemotherapy drugs, not radiation therapy.
B) This choice is incorrect because nausea and vomiting are common side effects of chemotherapy, not radiation therapy.
C) This choice is incorrect because alopecia (hair loss) is more commonly associated with chemotherapy, not radiation therapy.
D) This choice is correct. Neutropenia, which is a decrease in the number of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell), is a potential side effect of radiation therapy. This can increase the client's risk of infection, and regular monitoring of blood counts is necessary during treatment.
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