A nurse is assessing a client with leukemia and finds multiple ecchymoses (bruises) of varying sizes on the skin. The client mentions minimal trauma to the affected areas. What is the most likely cause of these ecchymoses?
Impaired bone density
Deficiency of clotting factors
Increased production of platelets
Elevated levels of red blood cells
The Correct Answer is B
A) This choice is incorrect because impaired bone density would not directly cause ecchymoses on the skin. It might lead to an increased risk of fractures, but not bruising.
B) This choice is correct. Ecchymoses (bruises) of varying sizes with minimal trauma are common in leukemia due to a deficiency of platelets and impaired clotting factors in the blood. Leukemia can lead to decreased platelet production and clotting abnormalities, resulting in easy bleeding and bruising.
C) This choice is incorrect because increased production of platelets would improve clotting abilities and reduce the risk of ecchymoses.
D) This choice is incorrect because elevated levels of red blood cells would not directly cause ecchymoses on the skin. It may lead to other symptoms like increased blood viscosity.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because a bone marrow biopsy is not primarily performed to assess the client's platelet count. Platelet counts are typically obtained through a blood test.
B) This choice is incorrect because evaluating the effectiveness of chemotherapy is not the primary reason for performing a bone marrow biopsy in the diagnostic evaluation of leukemia. The biopsy is performed to determine the presence of cancerous cells in the bone marrow and aid in diagnosing leukemia.
C) This choice is correct. A bone marrow biopsy involves the collection of bone marrow samples to determine the presence of cancerous cells and assess cell morphology in the bone marrow. This information is crucial in diagnosing leukemia and determining the appropriate treatment plan.
D) This choice is incorrect because measuring the client's bone density is not the primary reason for performing a bone marrow biopsy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because leukemia does not result from an overproduction of platelets. Leukemia involves an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells.
B) This choice is incorrect because leukemia is not caused by the body's immune system attacking healthy white blood cells. Instead, it involves the uncontrolled growth of abnormal white blood cells.
C) This choice is correct. Leukemia is characterized by genetic mutations in the bone marrow cells, particularly in the stem cells that produce white blood cells. These mutations lead to uncontrolled growth and proliferation of abnormal white blood cells, interfering with the normal production of other blood cells.
D) This choice is incorrect because an imbalance of red blood cells would not trigger the overproduction of white blood cells. Leukemia is specifically a disorder of white blood cell proliferation.
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