A nurse is assessing a client with suspected nephrotic syndrome. Which finding should the nurse expect to observe?

Hematuria and dysuria

Polyuria and nocturia

Frothy, foamy urine output

Suprapubic tenderness and urgency

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Incorrect. Hematuria (blood in the urinE. and dysuria (painful urination) are not characteristic manifestations of nephrotic syndrome. Instead, they may indicate other kidney conditions or infections.

B. Incorrect. While clients with nephrotic syndrome may experience increased urine output (polyuriA. and nighttime urination (nocturiA. due to fluid imbalances, these are not the primary clinical manifestations.

C. Correct. Frothy, foamy urine output is a classic sign of nephrotic syndrome due to the presence of excessive protein (proteinuriA. in the urine. This foamy appearance is caused by the high levels of protein, mainly albumin, in the urine.

D. Incorrect. Suprapubic tenderness and urgency are not typical manifestations of nephrotic syndrome and may indicate other urinary tract or bladder issues.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While increased cholesterol synthesis in the liver can contribute to hyperlipidemia, it is not the primary reason for elevated lipid levels in nephrotic syndrome.

B. Incorrect. Impaired fat absorption in the small intestine is not a significant factor contributing to hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

C. Correct. Nephrotic syndrome results in increased protein loss, including proteins involved in lipid transport and metabolism. Reduced clearance of lipids by the kidneys leads to elevated lipid levels in the bloodstream.

D. Incorrect. Elevated blood glucose levels and insulin resistance are not directly related to hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

QUESTIONS

A. "Avoid close contact with family members to prevent transmission." B. "Practice good hand hygiene, especially before meals and after using the bathroom." C. "Avoid outdoor activities and crowded places to minimize exposure to pathogens." D. "Increase physical activity to enhance the immune system's response."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Incorrect. While some clients may be at increased risk of certain infections, avoiding close contact with family members is not practical and not recommended in general.

B. Correct. Good hand hygiene is essential in reducing the risk of infections in clients with nephrotic syndrome, as they are immunocompromised due to protein loss in the urine. Regular handwashing with soap and water, especially before meals and after using the bathroom, can help prevent the spread of pathogens.

C. Incorrect. Avoiding outdoor activities and crowded places is not necessary for all clients with nephrotic syndrome and may negatively impact their quality of life.

D. Incorrect. While physical activity is generally beneficial for overall health, it is not directly related to enhancing the immune system's response in clients with nephrotic syndrome.

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A nurse is assessing a client with suspected nephrotic syndrome. Which finding should the nurse expect to observe?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with nephrotic syndrome is experiencing hyperlipidemia. What is the rationale for elevated lipid levels in this client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client with nephrotic syndrome is at an increased risk of infection. What measures should the nurse recommend to the client to reduce the risk of infection?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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