A nurse is caring for a child who has disseminated intravascular coagulation. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Decreased prothrombin time

Increased Hgb level

Increased RBC

Decreased platelet count

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:

A.   Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is associated with consumption of clotting factors, leading to prolonged clotting times, such as increased prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), rather than decreased.
B.   DIC does not typically cause an increase in hemoglobin (Hgb) levels; in fact, it may lead to anemia due to blood loss and consumption of clotting factors.
C.   DIC does not typically cause an increase in red blood cell (RBC) count; if anything, it can lead to anemia due to blood loss.
D.   DIC is characterized by widespread activation of coagulation, leading to consumption of platelets and decreased platelet count, which can result in bleeding tendencies.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. While EMLA cream can provide local anesthesia, it takes time to take effect and might not be practical for immediate use before administering immunizations.

B. Providing a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution has been shown to reduce pain and stress during immunizations in infants, promoting atraumatic care.

C. Injecting immunizations into the deltoid muscle is a common practice, but it does not specifically address atraumatic care.

D. Using a smaller gauge needle (e.g., 22-25 gauge) is generally recommended for infants to minimize pain, but specifying a 20-gauge needle is not necessarily related to atraumatic care.

A. A toddler who has a new diagnosis of osteomyelitis and is to receive an IV bolus of nafcillin B. An adolescent who is in skin traction and reports a pain level of 7 on a scale from 0 to 10 C. An adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and slurred speech D. A toddler who has a partial-thickness burn on his right hand and requires a dressing change.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. While osteomyelitis is a serious condition requiring treatment, receiving an IV bolus of nafcillin is not an urgent procedure compared to a neurological symptom like slurred speech.

B. Pain management is important, but a pain level of 7, while significant, does not indicate an immediate life-threatening situation.

C. Slurred speech in an adolescent with sickle cell anemia could indicate a neurological complication or a stroke, which requires immediate assessment and intervention.

D. Although the toddler with a partial-thickness burn needs care, it is not as urgent as assessing a potential neurological issue like slurred speech.

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A nurse is caring for a child who has disseminated intravascular coagulation. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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