Which of the following would the nurse emphasize when teaching the client and family about measures to prevent reinfection and the transmission of a parasitic infection to others?

Choice A rationale:

Antiviral drugs are metabolized in the liver, and hepatic impairment can affect the metabolism and elimination of these drugs. Therefore, the nurse should administer antiviral therapy cautiously to clients with hepatic impairment to prevent potential drug toxicity. Hepatic impairment can alter the pharmacokinetics of antiviral drugs, leading to increased drug levels in the bloodstream.

Choice B rationale:

Renal impairment is not typically a contraindication for antiviral therapy. While some medications may require dose adjustments in patients with renal impairment, it is not a general concern for antiviral drugs. The primary organ responsible for the metabolism of antiviral drugs is the liver.

Choice C rationale:

Diabetes and hypertension are chronic medical conditions that are not directly related to the administration of antiviral therapy. These conditions do not significantly impact the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of antiviral drugs. Therefore, they are not primary factors to consider when administering antiviral therapy.

Choice D rationale:

Hypertension, like diabetes, is not directly related to the administration of antiviral therapy. Antiviral drugs primarily interact with the liver's metabolic pathways, and hypertension does not have a significant impact on drug metabolism.

Choice A rationale:

Urinalysis is not typically required before administering ciprofloxacin unless there is a specific indication. Ciprofloxacin is often prescribed for urinary tract infections, but routine urinalysis may not be necessary in all cases. Culture tests are more appropriate to determine the causative microorganism and its susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.

Choice B rationale:

Culture tests are essential before administering ciprofloxacin. These tests help identify the specific pathogen causing the infection and determine its sensitivity to the antibiotic. This information is crucial for selecting the most effective treatment and preventing the development of antibiotic resistance.

Choice C rationale:

There is no standard "ulcer test" that needs to be completed before administering ciprofloxacin. The choice of administering ciprofloxacin would depend on the clinical presentation, patient history, and the suspected infection. Culture tests are more relevant for identifying the infection's source.

Choice D rationale:

Stool tests are not typically required before administering ciprofloxacin unless there is a specific indication, such as suspected gastrointestinal infections. Again, the necessity for such tests would depend on the clinical presentation and the healthcare provider's assessment. Culture tests are essential for identifying the causative microorganism in most cases.