A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize to be associated with ASD?

Echolalia

Ambivalence

Expressive affect

Associative looseness

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Echolalia: Echolalia, the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others, is a common characteristic of autism spectrum disorder. It can be part of the individual’s attempt to communicate or self-stimulate and may be indicative of difficulties in expressive language development.

B. Ambivalence: Ambivalence, the state of having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone, is more commonly associated with conditions like schizophrenia, not ASD.

C. Expressive affect: Individuals with ASD often have difficulties with expressive affect, meaning they may show limited emotional expression, which contrasts with the term "expressive affect" suggesting full emotional expression.

D. Associative looseness: Associative looseness, a symptom where a person’s thoughts are disconnected and fragmented, is more characteristic of schizophrenia than ASD.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

. Use physical restraints during severe outbursts to ensure safety. Physical restraints are not appropriate for managing behavioural issues in children with ODD. They can escalate the situation, cause physical harm, and damage the trust between the child and caregivers.

B. Assign daily chores that are challenging to encourage discipline. While chores can teach responsibility, assigning challenging tasks is not appropriate for managing ODD and could lead to frustration and further defiance.

C. Encourage solitary play to reduce social stressors. Solitary play might reduce social stress but does not address the underlying behavioural issues of ODD. Social skills and interactions need to be improved rather than avoided.

D. Put into practice consistent consequences for rule-breaking behaviour. Consistent consequences help the child understand the link between behaviour and outcomes, which is crucial for managing ODD. It provides structure and clear expectations, which are essential for children with behavioral issues.

A. Permanent short-term memory loss B. Nasal septum perforation C. Acute pancreatitis D. Respiratory depression/arrest

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Permanent short-term memory loss: While certain substances, particularly chronic alcohol use, can lead to memory impairment, permanent short-term memory loss is not a typical complication of heroin use. Heroin primarily affects the respiratory system and can lead to other health risks such as overdose and infection. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

B. Nasal septum perforation: Nasal septum perforation is typically associated with the intranasal use of substances like cocaine, which can damage the nasal tissues. Heroin is more commonly injected or smoked, and nasal perforation is not a primary health risk associated with its use. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

C. Acute pancreatitis: Acute pancreatitis is commonly associated with excessive alcohol consumption rather than heroin use. Heroin primarily affects the central nervous and respiratory systems rather than the pancreas. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.

D. Respiratory depression/arrest: Heroin use poses a significant risk of respiratory depression and arrest, which can be fatal. It depresses the central nervous system and slows down breathing, potentially leading to severe hypoxia and death, especially in the case of overdose. This choice is correct.

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A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize to be associated with ASD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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